CCTV News:When many people hear about avocado, their first impression may be the expensive imported fruit. But now, this online celebrity "foreign fruit" has taken root, blossomed and borne fruit in Menglian County, Pu ‘er City, Yunnan Province, and the domestic avocado is gradually coming to the table of consumers.

Reporter Guo Linjie:I am now in the core avocado planting base in China — — Nanya Village, Menglian County, Pu ‘er City, Yunnan Province. At present, green fruits are covered with branches, and fruit farmers are busy picking and packing.

Zhaduo, a grower in Nanya Village, Menglian County, Yunnan Province:The output and price in 2022 are not bad.

It is understood that Menglian, Yunnan and Mexico, the capital of avocado in the world, are at the same golden latitude, which is warm and sunny all year round, while the different planting altitudes greatly lengthen the ripening period of fruits, so that avocado harvesting can start in late September and last until March of the following year. Compared with imported avocados, it takes more than one month to reach the China market by sea. With the advantage of producing area, Menglian avocados can be picked at the best maturity and taste fresher.

Reporter Guo Linjie:Avocados picked from trees are transported to the sorting center. The intelligent fruit sorter beside me can sort the fruits and clean, sterilize and keep them fresh. In addition, it can also eliminate those fruits with any defects such as cracks and moths on the surface, and truly realize high-quality fruit screening.

According to the relevant person in charge, after sorting, these "quality fruits" with a weight of 70 grams or more and a complete surface will be packed in different grades, and then distributed to wholesale markets and large supermarkets by cold chain vehicles or air transportation according to the distance of their destinations, with a daily shipment of nearly 5 tons.

Rebecca, marketing staff of Menglian Industrial Investment Group Co., Ltd.:Bulk (commodity) customers account for about 90%, and the demand is very large. We promise to send out the orders of the day every day, and we must also send out fresh fruits if we work overtime.

Up to now, Menglian in Yunnan has become the largest avocado planting base in China. The planting area of avocado is 70,400 mu, and the output of fresh fruit is expected to be more than 10,000 tons.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Taiyuan, April 12th Title: The chaos at the bottom of the gym: hairdressers and chefs turned into coaches. The male coach recognized more than a dozen students as "dry sisters"

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Ma Xiaoyuan, Liu Yangtao and Gao Jianfei

　　Levis Yang, born in 1980s, was taken to the gym by a friend, and a coach took the initiative to pull him to do a set of high-intensity "physical fitness tests". Levis Yang felt very uncomfortable. The coach added fuel to the fire by saying that he was in poor health, worse than a 50-year-old man, and must start fitness at once. Levis Yang was fooled into buying a 5000-yuan private education course.

　　"Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters visited first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai and found that in order to attract consumers to buy classes with cards, some gyms are full of routines, which is hard to prevent; The annual card fee is thousands or even tens of thousands of yuan, and the price of private education is higher.

　　The male coach recognized a dozen students as "dry sisters" and was fined for eating Chili peppers if he failed to finish his performance.

　　"Beauty, handsome boy, get to know about fitness!" Walking in the city street, many people have met the staff in the gym to distribute advertising leaflets. With the popularity of fitness, the price of some gyms has also risen.

　　Song Mingchao, born in 1990s, started his fitness journey two years ago. "Suddenly, I feel that people around me are starting to exercise. When we meet, we don’t meet and talk about how many times we have practiced this week, what actions we practice, and what supplements we eat." On social platforms such as Weibo and Tik Tok, there are not a few fitness "online celebrity" with more than one million fans.

　　In recent ten years, the number of gymnasiums in China has exploded. Statistics from the State Sports General Administration show that the total number of gymnasiums in China has exceeded 100,000 in 2019.

　　With the increasingly fierce competition, gyms try their best to attract people. A fitness instructor told an example he had witnessed: when a coach promoted a course, a female student refused on the grounds of "no money, I will buy it next time". The coach insisted that "it doesn’t matter if you don’t have money, you can bet something". Finally, the female student’s wedding ring was put down, which provoked the female student’s husband to make a big scene.

　　On platforms such as Dianping.com, many netizens described the experience of "being forced to order": "I was forced to buy a course by the coach, and two muscular men blocked the aisle, which made me afraid to leave, and my attitude was extremely bad." "Being sandwiched between two coaches, two people with a red face and a white face, and finally spending two months’ salary to buy classes."

　　The reporter learned that most gym coaches are responsible for sales tasks, and sales performance is directly related to the coach’s income. Some gyms will also charge the coach a "deposit", which will be confiscated if the performance is not completed. There are also gym regulations, and those who fail to achieve performance will be punished for eating peppers, mustard, lemons, and even being insulted and shaved.

　　"In the past, the training for coaches only taught technology, but now the sales skills have been put in." Liu Jin, a senior practitioner, said, "From reception to transaction, what to say and do is a set of assembly-line operations, just to make customers unable to refuse and increase sales."

　　Insiders confide that in order to retain customers, gyms will also use some "hidden rules". For example, male members are arranged for female coaches, and female members are arranged for young male coaches. Some gyms even encourage coaches to "play emotional cards" and "protect students like falling in love".

　　A coach told reporters: "A male coach recognized a dozen students as ‘ Dry sister ’ There are also coaches who are responsive to customers, chatting, eating and shopping … …”

　　Hairdressers and chefs become coaches, and fitness becomes harmful.

　　Zhang Xiaochao, who once hired a personal trainer in a gym in Shijiazhuang, said that when the card was handled, the coach talked nonsense and arranged a detailed training plan. After the card was handled, it was perfunctory.

　　"At first, the coach took the initiative to ask you for a class appointment. Later, you have to take the initiative to find him. If you don’t find him, you don’t care about you. It gives people the feeling that you can’t come." "I said that every time I finished practicing, I would relax myself. Later, every time I finished practicing, I said that the next member came, no matter what."

　　In the current fitness market, private education is popular. However, the reporter found that the entry threshold of fitness coaches is low, and quite a few coaches are employed after two or three months of training, and some even "crash in one week".

　　"Seeing that fitness instructors earn more money, many people have entered the stadium." Li Xingran, an insider in the fitness industry, said that some coaches may have been hairdressers and chefs a month or two ago, while others were selling in gyms and handing out leaflets on the street. Once there is a shortage of people in the store, they will "catch ducks on the shelves" and change clothes after simple training to serve as coaches to bring customers.

　　A gym operator admits that there are 11 coaches in his gym, only 4 of them have received relatively professional training, and the rest are non-professional. After a simple training, they will be employed for one or two months. "Now more than half of the people in the industry can be said to be crash coaches. There are very few truly professional fitness coaches, and quality coaches are even more scarce."

　　The reporter consulted some gyms as candidates. Some gyms have made it clear that even if they have no foundation, they can apply for membership consultants first, and learn research while accumulating customers. "There are many qualification certificates in the market, which are very easy to test."

　　The reporter found that there are a large number of coach training institutions in the market, and they can win multiple qualification certificates by paying one or two thousand yuan and focusing on training for two or three months. The quality of these trainings is uneven. A gym operator said that he gave a written test to job seekers with qualification certificates, and took the most basic fitness knowledge, but most of them couldn’t even reach the passing mark. "The training is relatively watery."

　　According to insiders, the lack of professionalism of coaches will bring hidden dangers to the safety of bodybuilders, which may cause knee meniscus injury, muscle strain, lumbar disc herniation and other injuries.

　　Chloe Wang, a citizen of Taiyuan, told the reporter that he had trained bench press under the guidance of a private tutor before. "It’s 10 kilograms heavier than what I usually practice. After practicing for a while, my arm feels uncomfortable. I didn’t care at the time, but this place will still hurt intermittently after two or three years. The doctor said it was probably a sports injury at that time. "

　　There are also individual fitness instructors with low quality who personally infringe on consumers. Last year, an employee of a fitness club in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, cut the crotch of her pants while stretching the muscles of Ms. Wang, a customer, and was finally sentenced to administrative detention on the 15th on suspicion of indecency.

　　Make the fitness industry more "healthy"

　　"In recent years, the fitness industry has achieved explosive growth, and various chaos has also appeared." Yan Sihai, general manager of fitness platform company CHINAFIT, said, "At present, the industry has shown signs of entering an adjustment period, and more and more people are beginning to realize that if they want to develop for a long time, they must change their living methods."

　　Some experts believe that in order to ensure the healthy and orderly development of the fitness industry and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, it is necessary to improve relevant laws and regulations, strengthen supervision and strengthen industry self-discipline.

　　In order to promote the healthy development of the fitness industry, some places began to explore relevant practices. Since the beginning of this year, Shanghai, Beijing and other places have successively issued model texts of service contracts in the fitness industry, among which the "7-day cooling-off period for fitness membership cards" has attracted much attention.

　　Zhao Zhanling, a lawyer of Beijing Zhilin Law Firm, and other experts said that overall, the relevant norms still lag behind the current development of the fitness industry, and the legislature and relevant functional departments should improve them as soon as possible.

　　Strengthening industry self-discipline has also become the consensus of many people in the industry. Mao Zhenming, a professor at the School of Physical Education and Sports of Beijing Normal University, suggested that the relevant departments should encourage the establishment and development of fitness industry associations, build industry consensus through industry associations, and formulate industry rules, such as setting standards and thresholds for employment, clarifying industry service norms, and establishing a "blacklist" of employees and institutions, so as to standardize corporate behavior and create a healthy competitive environment and consumption environment.

　　In view of the low industry threshold and the shortage of talents, people in the industry suggest that relevant departments and industry associations should accelerate the establishment of more professional and effective fitness instructor training standards and coach qualification certification system to ensure that fitness instructors have corresponding professional qualities. In addition, physical education colleges should increase the training of special talents in the field of social fitness, and consider setting up social fitness majors to meet the needs of people in the fitness industry.　　

　　Yan Sihai and other people in the industry said that in order to overcome the current shortcomings, traditional gymnasiums must change their business concepts and business models, strengthen their service awareness, create excellent course content and continuously enhance their core competitiveness.

　　In addition, industry insiders and experts also remind consumers to stay awake and spend rationally in the face of dazzling courses and possible sales routines in the gym; When one’s own rights and interests are infringed, one should enhance the awareness of rights protection and learn to use legal weapons to safeguard one’s legitimate rights and interests.

　　Since the beginning of this year, China has continued to promote supply-side structural reforms, increased tax reduction and fee reduction, rationalized the price formation mechanism in important areas, maintained a balance between market supply and demand, lowered inflation expectations, and moderately fluctuated consumer prices. At present, the overall price level has maintained a stable operation trend, which indicates that the economic operation is stable and good, creating a good environment for promoting high-quality economic development.

　　Recently, there has been a strong expectation that the prices of pork, fruit and other foods will rise. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics not long ago, the national consumer price index (CPI) rose by 2.0% in the first four months of this year. Among them, in April, the CPI rose by 2.5% year-on-year, and it was in the "2 era" for two consecutive months.

　　In an interview with Economic Daily China Economic Net, relevant experts said that, on the whole, since the beginning of this year, China has continued to promote supply-side structural reforms, increased tax reduction and fee reduction, rationalized the price formation mechanism in important areas, maintained a balance between market supply and demand, lowered inflation expectations, and moderately fluctuated consumer prices. At present, the overall price level has maintained a stable operation trend, which indicates that the economic operation is stable and good, creating a good environment for promoting high-quality economic development.

　　There has been a structural increase in prices.

　　In the first four months of this year, CPI rose by 1.7%, 1.5%, 2.3% and 2.5% respectively, and the monthly year-on-year increase showed a steady upward trend in moderate fluctuations. Among them, in the last two months, the year-on-year increase in prices has increased, entering the "2 era."

　　Liu Aihua, spokesman of the National Bureau of Statistics, believes that the CPI rose by 2.5% year-on-year in April this year, mainly due to the increase of individual varieties. Among them, pork, fresh vegetables and fresh fruits all increased by more than 10% year-on-year.

　　"Overall, despite the increase in CPI in the last two months, it is significantly lower than the control target of 3%, and it is mainly affected by factors such as the base of the previous year, the hikes and seasonality, showing structural upward characteristics and not having a comprehensive upward basis." Zhang Qianrong, deputy director of the Finance and Finance Research Office of the National Information Center, said.

　　Zhang Qianrong analyzed that in the first four months of this year, food prices rose by 3.2% year-on-year, which boosted CPI by 0.62 percentage points and contributed 29.7% to the CPI increase. Non-food prices rose by 1.7%, which boosted CPI by 1.48 percentage points and contributed 70.3%. The contribution rate of non-food prices to the price increase is obviously higher than that of food. Although the recent increase in pork prices has led to an increase in food prices, non-food prices have remained stable as a whole, and prices do not have the basis for an overall increase.

　　"At present, China’s price increase is at a medium level on a global scale. From an international perspective, China’s price increase is slightly higher than that of developed economies such as the United States and the European Union, and significantly lower than that of BRICS countries such as Russia, which is at a medium level in the world. " Zhang Qianrong said.

　　The data shows that in the first quarter of this year, the US CPI rose by 1.7% year-on-year, while the EU harmonized CPI rose by 1.6%, slightly lower than that of China. India’s CPI rose by 7.1%, Russia’s by 5.2%, South Africa’s by 4.2% and Brazil’s by 4.2%, which was significantly higher than China’s CPI.

　　It is worth noting that in the first four months of this year, the national producer price index (PPI) rose by 0.1%, 0.1%, 0.4% and 0.9% respectively, with a slight year-on-year increase.

　　Zhang Qianrong said that the increase in PPI was mainly affected by factors such as the rise in international oil prices and the negative increase in the same period last year. Since the beginning of this year, the increase of PPI is lower than that of CPI, and the upstream and downstream price trends are upside down.

　　Pork supply is relatively abundant.

　　In April, the price of pork rose by 14.4%, an increase of 9.3 percentage points over the previous month, which affected the year-on-year increase of CPI by about 0.31 percentage points.

　　Relevant data show that in the first ten days of March this year, the price of white pigs rose continuously and rapidly. On March 1st, the average wholesale price of striped pigs in Beijing Xinfadi Market was 7.28 yuan/kg, but on March 10th, the price rose to 9.45 yuan/kg, and the price rose by 29.90% in 10 days, which was quite obvious. Since then, the price has fluctuated slightly.

　　"Overall, pork prices have changed little in the past 60 days. In other words, after the price of meat reached a higher level in mid-March, it showed a weak trend. " Liu Tong, director of statistics department of Beijing Xinfadi agricultural products wholesale market, said.

　　Liu Tong analyzed that in the first ten days of March, the price of pork rose significantly, which was the expected increase in advance. From the market situation, in the first week of March, the average daily market volume of white pigs increased by 10% from the previous week and 15% from the same period of last year, and there was no shortage of supply. In this case, the increase in meat prices mainly comes from the thrust outside the market, especially the data released by some institutions show that the stock of fertile sows has decreased, which provides conditions for the bottom rebound of meat prices.

　　"The increase or decrease in the number of fertile sows reflects that there is a certain lag period in the supply capacity and price, and the insiders call this lag period ‘ Cobweb effect ’ . In other words, the supply of pigs in the second half of 2019 may show ‘ Tight equilibrium ’ State, meat prices will rise. Therefore, the rise in early March is an early rise. " Liu Tong analyzed that after the release of relevant data, most forecasts tend to show that the pig price will reach an all-time high. This expectation has played a strong role in fueling the rise in meat prices.

　　Liu Tong said that in fact, the number of pig heads with white stripes does not fully represent the supply of ketone bodies in pork. After the price of meat rose, the pig farm was filled with the emotion of waiting for the price to be sold, the time of keeping pigs in the pen was prolonged, and the single weight of pigs generally increased. In April 2019, the single weight of pigs generally increased by 10%. According to this calculation, the supply of pork in April this year exceeded the same period last year. If this phenomenon continues, when the number of pigs drops by 20% and the single weight of pigs increases by 20%, the decline in the number of pigs can be compensated by the increase of single weight, and the supply of pork is still relatively sufficient.

　　There is no inflation risk.

　　"Overall, whether it is from food or industrial consumer goods and services, there will be no sharp increase in CPI in the future, and prices will be stable and have a solid foundation." In response to the future trend of prices, Liu Aihua said.

　　Liu Aihua analyzed that, from the perspective of food prices, fresh vegetables and fresh fruits are short-term impacted by extreme weather factors, which is not sustainable, and pork prices have a certain resilience. With the gradual recovery of prices, farmers’ enthusiasm for replenishing the column will be correspondingly improved, which will play a stabilizing role in prices. From the perspective of non-food prices, the supply capacity of industrial products is sufficient, and there is no basis for a sharp increase. Although the increase in service prices is relatively high, it is generally stable.

　　"Overall, the factors that will support and curb price increases in the future are intertwined." Zhang Qianrong said. From the factors supporting the price increase, on the one hand, affected by African swine fever epidemic and other factors, the number of live pigs has declined, and pork prices have continued to rise. However, considering the strong overall supply capacity of pork in China, an early warning mechanism for pig price control has been established, and it is more likely that the pork price will increase in the later period, but it does not have the basis for a substantial increase; On the other hand, with the decline of demographic dividend, labor cost will become a long-term factor to push up prices.

　　On the one hand, since 2012, the increase of CPI in China has been less than 3%. Considering that residents’ inflation expectations are generally related to the previous price level, the current low price increase has reduced residents’ inflation expectations; On the other hand, China’s main industrial products are abundant in supply, with bumper harvests for many years, high grain and oil stocks, rapid development of service industry, strong supply capacity in various fields and strong price stability. In addition, with the continuous advancement of supply-side structural reforms, the operating costs of enterprises have been significantly reduced, providing a good policy environment for stabilizing prices.

　　Zhang Qianrong said that after preliminary calculation, the CPI hikes factor is about 0.7% and PPI hikes factor is about 0.1% in 2019. Considering the hikes and the above factors, it is expected that consumer prices in China will continue to rise moderately and steadily in 2019, with CPI rising by about 2.3% and PPI rising by about 1.0%. There is no inflation risk, and the pressure on price control is light.

China Software announced that it plans to issue no more than 90,130,700 shares (inclusive) to China Electronics, the company’s actual controller, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, and raise no more than 2 billion yuan, which will be used for the research and development of mobile fixed terminal operating system products, cloud-oriented server operating system products and the construction of embedded operating system capability platform.

Topic: 60 years of classic China glory

The overall strength of the banking industry continued to increase.

　　Cartographic song song

　　Six years, just six years, the world has seen China’s financial industry in a completely different way.

　　Six years ago, in 2003, foreign power decided: "China’s banking industry is technically bankrupt and is a time bomb."

　　Today, six years later, foreign news lamented: "ICBC, CCB and BOC in China have become the three banks with the largest market capitalization in the world, and new leaders have emerged. China is not only a’ world factory’, but also a’ world bank’."

　　Different evaluations reflect the rapid development of China’s financial industry from one aspect.

　　"Finance is very important and is the core of the modern economy. Finance is well done, and everything is alive when you play chess. " Comrade Deng Xiaoping’s words brilliantly clarified the position of finance. Over the past 60 years, China’s financial industry has opened a new era in the cheers of the founding of New China, and achieved a historic leap in the spring breeze of reform and opening up, which is strongly supporting economic and social development and effectively meeting the financial needs of the people …

　　expand from a small to a large force

　　Form a complete financial system

　　Have an impressive world ranking

　　Zhao Haikuan, former director of the Financial Research Institute of the People’s Bank of China, visited Swiss banks in the 1970s. "They used machines and floppy disks to record data, while we used abacus and dip pen to keep accounts. The gap between floppy disk and abacus is too big. "Speaking of this, he changed his subject." However, now our bank’s equipment has reached the international first-class level! "　　

　　Zhao Haikuan is changing from a technical point of view. In fact, from the perspective of organizational system, China’s financial industry has undergone greater changes.

　　A multi-level financial institution system has gradually taken shape.

　　Before the reform and opening up, there was only one bank in China-China People’s Bank, which was both a central bank and a commercial bank. On September 17th, 1983, the State Council decided that the People’s Bank of China should exercise the functions of the central bank exclusively. Since 1979, China Agricultural Bank, China Bank, China People’s Construction Bank (renamed as China Construction Bank in 1996) and China Industrial and Commercial Bank have successively started business. In 1987, a number of new joint-stock banks such as Bank of Communications were established. In 1994, three policy banks were established to undertake the original policy business of four professional banks. By the end of June this year, China had more than 5,600 legal persons of various banking financial institutions.

　　The insurance industry has also moved from "one flower alone" to "full of spring scenery". At the beginning of reform and opening up, there was only one insurance company in China-China People’s Insurance Company. In the past 30 years, insurance institutions have grown from one to more than 120; The annual premium income jumped from less than 500 million yuan to 978.41 billion yuan in 2008. Yang Chao, president of China Life Insurance (Group) Company, still remembers that in order to adapt to the rapidly expanding business, in 1985, under the background of lack of professional talents, PICC China started the first training course. "They are all demobilized cadres in their forties, squatting on the curb at night and reciting insurance clauses."

　　The all-round financial market system has been accelerated.

　　The emergence of the capital market is a major breakthrough in the development of China’s financial market. On November 18th, 1984, Feile Audio became the first public offering stock. Qin Qibin, then the director of Shanghai Electroacoustics General Factory, recalled that at that time, with the improvement of people’s living standards, there was a great demand for audio equipment. He is thinking about raising money to expand audio production by issuing shares. "In September 1986, two stocks, Feile and Yanzhong, were traded on the counter in the Shanghai Jing ‘an Trust Business Department of ICBC. The place is very small and there are many people. I am very excited and think that someone really buys and sells our stocks! " Since then, the development of direct financing in China has been persistent and firm, and the capital market has become one of the landmark achievements in the process of China’s economic transformation from a planned system to a socialist market economic system.

　　In addition to the capital market, financial markets such as interbank lending market, insurance market, foreign exchange market and gold market are also developing continuously.

　　The professional financial supervision system has been continuously improved.

　　Before 1984, there was no financial supervision in the modern sense in China. Since 1984, the People’s Bank of China has been specializing in the functions of the central bank. Liu Hongru, former deputy governor of the People’s Bank of China, former deputy director of the State Commission for Economic Restructuring and the first chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, recalled: "At that time, it was supposed to be called the Central Bank of People’s Republic of China (PRC), leaving the name of the People’s Bank to separate professional banks. Later, the party group of the People’s Bank of China discussed that, firstly, the RMB issued by the People’s Bank of China has been in circulation for many years, and it is difficult to change the banknotes. Secondly, the People’s Bank of China was established in 1948 and has been the only national bank for decades. If it suddenly becomes a professional bank, it will not be easily understood and accepted by people. Therefore, it was finally decided that the central bank should also be called the People’s Bank of China. "

　　Since then, the financial supervision system has been continuously deepened. In November, 1997, the securities institutions originally supervised by the People’s Bank of China were placed under the unified supervision of China Securities Regulatory Commission. In November 1998, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission was established. In 2003, the supervision function of banking financial institutions was separated from the People’s Bank of China, and the China Banking Regulatory Commission was established. So far, a financial management system of "one line, three meetings" has been formed.

　　After 60 years of grinding a sword, today’s China financial industry has a proud "world ranking": the total profit, profit growth and return on capital of the banking industry rank first in the world; The total market value of Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets ranks third in the world; Premium income ranks sixth in the world.

　　"China’s financial industry plays an important role in the world. We hold more than $2 trillion in foreign exchange reserves and are the largest creditor of the United States. Any major financial problems in the world today, without the participation and cooperation of China, I am afraid it will be difficult to be properly resolved. " Zhou Zhengqing, former member of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, vice chairman of the Financial and Economic Committee and former chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, said.

　　Great changes come from the reform and opening up of the financial industry. In January, 2004, the State Council announced the decision of Bank of China and China Construction Bank to implement the pilot joint-stock reform, and the joint-stock reform of state-owned banks officially entered the implementation stage. Zhou Zhengqing recalled that in 2002, the non-performing loan ratio of four state-owned banks reached 25.12%, far higher than the international risk level of 5%; The average capital adequacy ratio is only 4.25%, which cannot meet the international regulatory requirements of 8%. Now, the non-performing loan ratio of major banks has dropped to 6.01%, and the weighted average capital adequacy ratio of commercial banks is as high as 12%. These indicators are among the best in the world.

　　From light to heavy

　　From Treasury to Economic Core

　　Support development and regulate economy.

　　"In the early 1980 s, most of the banks were on the high side, and enterprises had to take the initiative to find everything. As soon as you look at the counter, you will know that it is much higher than half a person, like a pawnshop, "said Lu Keping, chairman of Jiangsu Sunshine Group." Now, the height of the counter has come down and the service level has gone up. Banks often go to the door to conduct business, and the support for enterprises and the economy is too great! "

　　Zhao Haikuan said that in the 30 years before the reform and opening up, the role of the financial industry in China’s economy was mainly manifested in two aspects: First, an independent, independent and unified RMB standard system was established, ending the chaotic history of China’s monetary system in the past 100 years; First, raise social idle funds to support socialist economic construction.

　　"However, under the condition of planned economy, the bank is just an accountant, cashier and vault, and has not really played the role of a bank. Finance really plays the core role of modern economy in the 30 years after the reform and opening up. " Liu Hongru said frankly.

　　The "core" role of finance is first manifested in supporting the economy. Banking "blood transfusion" economy. From 2003 to 2008, the balance of bank loans increased by 16.5% annually. In the first half of this year, the bank’s new loans reached 7.37 trillion yuan, which played a vital role in promoting economic stabilization and recovery.

　　The securities industry boosts the economy. "As long as the organization is properly used, the capital market can play many positive roles in promoting economic development," Zhou Zhengqing said. For example, it is conducive to continuously and stably raising long-term funds. By the end of July this year, the domestic capital market had raised 2.5 trillion yuan for corporate stocks and 2.9 trillion yuan for bonds. Another example is that it is conducive to the concentration of social resources to high-quality enterprises. From 2003 to 2007, the control rights of nearly 600 listed companies changed.

　　The insurance industry stabilizes the economy. In the past five years, the average annual compensation for natural disasters in the insurance industry has reached 72.5 billion yuan, about 10 times that of government compensation and other forms of compensation.

　　The "core" role of finance is also manifested in regulating the economy.

　　After 1984, the People’s Bank of China actively carried out financial macro-control, which effectively curbed inflation in 1984, 1988 and 1992-1993. In 1998, the People’s Bank of China began to use a combination of monetary policy tools consisting of open market operations, deposit reserve ratio, rediscount, refinancing and interest rates.

　　Since then, the words "raising interest rates" and "raising the deposit reserve ratio" have gradually become familiar to the public, and financial regulation has frequently appeared on the economic stage: in response to the Asian financial crisis, the People’s Bank of China has implemented a prudent monetary policy and appropriately increased the money supply; Since 2003, the People’s Bank of China has raised the deposit reserve ratio 15 times, the benchmark interest rate for deposits 8 times and the benchmark interest rate for loans 9 times, thus preventing a new round of inflation and economic ups and downs. In the face of the once-in-a-century international financial crisis, in accordance with the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the People’s Bank of China implemented a moderately loose monetary policy, comprehensively implemented and enriched the package plan and related policies and measures to stimulate the economy, and promoted economic stabilization and recovery …

　　From far to near

　　More and better financial services.

　　Fly into the families of ordinary people

　　When Aunt Yuan, 58, joined the work 37 years ago, there were few bank outlets. "It takes half an hour to go there, and there is a long queue to get there. It takes a long time to save a few dollars." Aunt Yuan said that it is much more convenient now. There are four outlets such as ICBC and China Merchants Bank in her community alone, as well as a 24-hour self-service terminal. The deposit and withdrawal can be done in one minute. "I also opened online banking, so I can pay, transfer and pay without leaving home!" 　　

　　Over the past 60 years, especially since the reform and opening up, China’s financial industry has "flown into the homes of ordinary people" and has become more and more closely connected with the people.

　　The banking service is even better. Bank outlets are scattered all over urban and rural areas, and there are more than 80,000 outlets in only four state-owned banks. "In the past, going to the bank was to deposit and withdraw money. Now, utilities, telephone bills and gas bills can be paid at the bank, and you can also buy various wealth management products there." Aunt Yuan said.

　　There are more securities services. In August 1992, about 1.5 million people flocked to Shenzhen from all over the country to snap up the application form for subscription of new shares to be issued soon. There were not enough porridge, and finally I had to issue an application form for subscription, which calmed the once out-of-control situation. This is the famous "8.10" incident in Shenzhen.

　　Nowadays, no matter stocks or funds, it has become a common way for people to invest and manage money. By the end of July this year, stock investors had opened nearly 133 million accounts and fund investment accounts had exceeded 178 million.

　　Insurance services are more familiar. When the domestic insurance business was resumed in 1980, there were only a few types of insurance, and most people were unfamiliar with insurance. Today, more than 1,000 kinds of insurance products protect people’s lives from the wind and rain, covering thousands of households with risk protection.

Editor: Xu Guimei

Today (13th), the State Council released the Implementation Plan for Special Remediation of Internet Financial Risks. Comprehensive arrangements were made for the special rectification of Internet financial risks. This move means that the official "sword" refers to the internet financial risks, sets a "military order" and sets a "timetable".

The plan calls for the completion of the special rectification of Internet financial risks by the end of March next year, and the key rectification areas include:

P2P peer-to-peer lending and Equity Crowdfunding Business

Asset management and cross-border financial business through the Internet.

Third-party payment service

Advertising in the field of internet finance

The goal is to form an overall report on Internet finance rectification in China, and establish and improve a long-term mechanism for Internet finance supervision.

In addition, the following five documents were released today:

The People’s Bank of China and other 17 ministries and commissions "Implementation Plan for Asset Management through the Internet and Special Remediation of Cross-border Financial Business Risks";

The People’s Bank of China and other 14 ministries and commissions "Implementation Plan for Special Remediation of Risks of Non-bank Payment Institutions";

CBRC’s Implementation Plan for P2P peer-to-peer lending Risk Special Remediation Work.

China Insurance Regulatory Commission and other 15 ministries and commissions "Implementation Plan for Special Remediation of Internet Insurance Risks".

The CSRC and other 15 ministries and commissions "Implementation Plan for Special Remediation of Equity Crowdfunding Risks"

Specifically:

For P2P platform: no fund pool can be set up.

The "Program" stipulates that:

P2P peer-to-peer lending Platform should keep the legal bottom line and policy red line, implement the nature of information intermediary, and shall not set up a fund pool, issue loans or illegally raise funds.

Interpretation:

Wang Yahong, an expert on financial issues:In recent years, after the incidents such as Easy Rent Bao and Pan Asia Institute, Internet finance has not had time to develop and show its inclusive side, and it has prematurely assumed a disgraceful reputation. Strict supervision of P2P industry is conducive to the healthy and orderly development of Internet finance, and it is necessary and timely to carry out special rectification.

For the equity crowdfunding business: no false targets shall be published, and no self-financing shall be allowed.

The State Council’s "Program" stipulates that:

The equity crowdfunding platform shall not publish false targets, raise funds by itself, or raise funds in disguised form. It shall strengthen the information disclosure obligations and shareholders’ rights protection requirements for financiers and equity crowdfunding platforms, and shall not make false statements and misleading propaganda.

Interpretation:

After the publication of the Administrative Measures for Private Equity Crowdfunding (Trial) (Draft for Comment) in December 2014, there was no formal policy for equity crowdfunding since then, and the supervision was backward. This time, the State Council’s notice may have pointed out the key supervision direction in the future.

For real estate finance: it is forbidden to make down payment and standardize crowdfunding to buy a house.

The "Program" stipulates that:

Real estate development enterprises, real estate intermediaries and internet finance institutions shall not engage in real estate finance business by using P2P peer-to-peer lending platform and equity crowdfunding platform without obtaining relevant financial qualifications; Standardize internet "crowdfunding to buy a house" and other behaviors, and prohibit all kinds of institutions from carrying out "down payment" business.

Interpretation:

Under the background of tightening regulation of the property market, it is strictly forbidden to leverage the property market through black-box operations such as crowdfunding to buy a house and down payment.

For Internet companies to engage in cross-border financial business: they should obtain qualifications.

The "Program" stipulates that:

Internet enterprises shall not rely on the Internet to carry out corresponding business without obtaining relevant financial business qualifications, and the essence of conducting business shall conform to the obtained business qualifications.

Without the approval of the relevant departments, many kinds of financial products issued by private placement may not be sold to the public through packaging or splitting.

Interpretation:

Seventeen ministries and commissions, including the central bank, issued the "Implementation Plan for Special Remediation of Asset Management and Cross-border Financial Business Risks through the Internet", proposing that the key points of remediation include: all kinds of Internet enterprises with asset management-related business qualifications but irregular business; All kinds of internet enterprises that carry out financial services such as asset management across borders; Internet enterprises with a number of financial business qualifications and obvious comprehensive operating characteristics.

For third-party payment services: no unlicensed operation is allowed.

In answering a reporter’s question, the leading group for special rectification of Internet financial risks pointed out:

The rectification in the field of third-party payment focuses on the risk of non-bank payment institutions’ reserve funds, inter-agency clearing business, and unlicensed payment business. The third-party payment field has implemented business licenses, and special rectification work will be carried out for institutions that operate payment business without licenses.

Interpretation:

Zhao Wei, Deputy Secretary General of Financial Innovation and Internet Finance Legal Research Center of China University of Political Science and Law:

In recent years, the third-party payment industry has developed rapidly. Non-bank payment institutions have played a positive role in promoting the innovation of payment services and improving and upgrading the level of payment services. However, some problems have also been exposed in its rapid development, especially some payment institutions and even commercial banks have opened payment channels to institutions and personnel engaged in payment business without permission, providing payment convenience, which has caused many cases of infringing on customers’ rights and disrupting financial order.

From the characteristics of the risk events and cases that have occurred, the payment business without a license mainly involves: First, the core business of acquiring bank cards without a license, such as "second clearing". The second is to operate online payment services without a license, such as "big merchant settlement" and electronic wallets that open payment accounts. The third is the issuance and acceptance of multi-purpose prepaid cards without a license.

From the perspective of social harm, the harm of unlicensed payment business is becoming more and more serious. The first is to endanger the safety of customers’ funds and seriously infringe on consumers’ rights and interests. Secondly, it endangers the security of payment information and encourages criminal behavior. Finally, it endangers the market operation order and has no bottom line competition. It has seriously disrupted the market operation order and endangered the safe and steady operation of the payment service market.

Therefore, the just released "Implementation Plan for Special Remediation of Risks of Non-bank Payment Institutions" has made it clear that the rectification of unlicensed payment business should be included in the special rectification of risks of non-bank payment institutions, and all relevant cooperative departments should clarify their responsibilities and determine the time plan, so as to complete centralized cleaning and disposal before the end of November 2016. The "Proposal" also emphasizes the need to promote the establishment of a working mechanism for the normalization and rectification of unlicensed payment services. Only by increasing punishment and forming a long-term system and long-term measures can we completely eliminate the "black sheep" and maintain the healthy development of the payment service market.

Cctv review

Special rectification is an important step to gradually improve the Internet financial supervision system. Internet finance is a new thing, and the deep integration of Internet and finance is also the general trend, which will have a more profound impact on financial products, business scope, organizational structure and service forms. However, the old financial supervision mechanism has lagged behind the development of internet finance in many aspects, so there are many loopholes in practice. On the other hand, the complex structure of Internet finance projects also increases the difficulty of supervision in reality.

The special rectification work is to check and fill the gaps in a targeted manner, further clarify the risk bottom line of Internet finance, protect legal operations, and resolutely crack down on illegal and illegal activities. This means that we can take an important step in gradually improving the supervision of financial Internet financiers, and on this basis, we can further standardize the development of Internet finance, maintain market stability, and effectively protect the interests of market participants.

As a new thing, the development of Internet finance needs not only market-driven, but also technological innovation and policy-standardized development. These are the three pillars supporting the development of Internet finance. Only when the pillars are more stable can Internet finance develop more rapidly in the future and have the opportunity to fully demonstrate its unique charm of innovation and inclusiveness.

Wen Wen Zhao, Deputy Secretary-General of Financial Innovation and Internet Finance Legal Research Center of China University of Political Science and Law

Wang Yahong, an expert on financial issues

Producer/Editor-in-Chief Tang Yi/Li Zhe

Editor/Ji Zhiwen

A few days ago, Qingfeng Road Kindergarten in Licang District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province carried out a variety of interesting outdoor activities. Children exercised their physical agility and coordination by participating in outdoor games such as hockey games and hopscotch, and cultivated the will quality of courage, unity and cooperation and not being afraid of difficulties. The picture shows the children playing a hoop game. Correspondent Zhang Ying photo

China Education News, 1st edition, December 10th, 2023.

Author: Correspondent Zhang Ying photo