Play a good game of chess and protect a river together.
Editor’s words
Grasp the great protection together, not the great development. Promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a major decision made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core and a major strategy related to the overall development of the country. Relevant departments and units and provinces and cities along the Yangtze River firmly adhere to the principle of "putting the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in an overwhelming position" and have done a lot of work. From now on, this edition will publish a series of plans of "Beautiful China Yangtze River Protection", which will show China’s efforts and progress in protecting the Yangtze River from the aspects of building a cooperative protection mechanism, establishing an ecological compensation system and improving the judicial cooperation system.
The Yangtze River, with its unique ecosystem, is an important ecological treasure house in China.
In April this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the symposium to further promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt: "The Yangtze River Economic Belt is not an independent unit, so we should establish a chess game idea." How to break the barriers between regions and departments and establish a chess game? How to cross administrative divisions and achieve joint protection?
From planning to action, lay the foundation for coordinated protection.
Great protection of the Yangtze River requires planning first. In 2016, the Outline of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Plan was issued. In July last year, the Planning for Ecological Environment Protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was released, which put forward five main objectives and 19 main indicators — — By 2020, the regional ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt will be significantly improved, the stability of the ecosystem will be comprehensively improved, the ecological functions of rivers, lakes and wetlands will be basically restored, and the ecological environment protection system and mechanism will be further improved; The proportion of surface water quality in the national control section (point) is above 75% or better than Class III water quality, the proportion of worse than Class V water quality is less than 2.5%, and the proportion of centralized drinking water sources in prefecture-level and above cities is above 97%.
A series of plans have been issued, laying the foundation for the establishment of cooperative protection system and mechanism for the ecological environment of the Yangtze River. From planning to action, relevant ministries and commissions have intensively introduced measures, and the coordination mechanism for basin-wide and inter-regional affairs in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is gradually being established and strengthened.
According to the official website of the National Development and Reform Commission, in December 2016, the meeting of the Office of the Leading Group for Promoting the Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the first meeting of the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism were held. Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou signed an agreement on the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and Hubei, Jiangxi and Hunan signed an agreement on the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and a joint declaration on lake protection and ecological restoration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The protection of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River is an important part of the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism.
On May 31, Liu Youbin, spokesperson of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, introduced at a regular press conference that the work of "three lines and one order" started well, and strived to basically complete the compilation of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and relevant upstream provinces (cities) before the end of this year. The so-called "three lines and one order" refers to "establishing the upper line of resource utilization, the red line of ecological protection, the bottom line of environmental quality, and formulating the negative list of industrial access", which is clearly required in the "Ecological Environmental Protection Plan of the Yangtze River Economic Belt". With this "three lines and one order", there will be a unified ruler for the great protection of the Yangtze River in various places.
"After long-term management and protection, the water resources and water ecological protection system in the Yangtze River Basin has been gradually established, and the growth rate of total wastewater discharge has slowed down. In order to do a good job in the top-level design of water ecological environment protection and restoration in the Yangtze River basin, this year, the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, in accordance with the Outline of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Plan and the Comprehensive Planning of the Yangtze River Basin (2012— In 2030), the organization studied and formulated the Action Plan for Water Ecological Environment Protection and Restoration in the Yangtze River Basin and the Three-year Action Plan for Water Ecological Environment Protection and Restoration in the Yangtze River Basin (2018— In 2020), it is planned to comprehensively carry out the protection and restoration of water ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin. " The relevant person in charge of the Yangtze River Committee revealed to reporters.
Grasping great protection together is also reflected in a series of heavy punches in supervision and inspection actions. The reporter learned from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment that since May this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has formed 150 inspection teams to check the illegal dumping of solid waste in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and a number of listed supervision cases have been exposed. Previously, in 2016, the former Ministry of Environmental Protection, together with 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River, jointly organized a special campaign for environmental protection law enforcement of drinking water sources; Before the end of this year, 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt will complete the special rectification of environmental protection of water sources in cities at or above the county level.
Cooperation in the upper, middle and lower reaches, and joint efforts by provinces and cities along the Yangtze River to promote protection
A clear river flows eastward, and it is inseparable from the cooperation between the upper and lower reaches. The Yangtze River basin is densely covered with rivers and lakes and numerous tributaries. Only when the upstream awareness, midstream tasks and downstream functions are put in place can we form a joint force. With the introduction and improvement of a series of top-level designs, the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River are more and more aware of the importance of strengthening cooperation, and work together to promote the protection of the Yangtze River from the perspective of ecosystem integrity and Yangtze River basin system.
Chongqing Wushan Peishi section is located in the Hubei-Chongqing buffer zone of the Yangtze River, which is the provincial boundary section where the Yangtze River flows through Chongqing and enters Hubei. The staff of Chongqing Water Environment Monitoring Center will regularly take samples at this section, and input the sampling time, field measurement parameters and photos into the management system in real time through the mobile phone application.
Chongqing is an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In April this year, Chongqing and Guizhou signed a cooperation framework agreement and decided to jointly promote ecological protection and ecological restoration in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In order to strengthen the management and protection of inter-provincial boundary rivers and reservoirs, many districts and counties in Chongqing have taken the initiative to connect neighboring cities and counties in Sichuan, Hubei and Hunan, and explored comprehensive linkage management of inter-provincial river basins.
Hubei is the water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the location of the Three Gorges Dam. It is also an important water conservation area in the Yangtze River basin and an important national ecological barrier.
The reporter learned from the Hubei Provincial Development and Reform Commission that in 2018, Hubei will actively innovate institutional mechanisms, further promote inter-provincial consultation and cooperation in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and strive to make substantial progress in ecological protection cooperation.
Taipu River is an important river in Taihu Lake basin, named after connecting Taihu Lake and Huangpu River, and flows through Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. The relevant person in charge of the Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province said that at present, the provincial-level joint prevention and control mechanism has been established in the water resources protection, water quality monitoring and emergency management of Taipu River.
Jiangsu is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where the economy is developed and enterprises and population are densely distributed. On May 30, the reporter learned from the promotion meeting of the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in Jiangsu Province: "Jiangsu will explore the establishment of an inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism to solve cross-regional infrastructure, watershed management, environmental protection joint prevention and control and other issues through consultation."
Establish and improve inter-departmental and inter-regional coordination mechanisms.
The reporter learned from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment that in recent years, the environmental protection work in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has made positive progress, but the protection situation in some areas is still grim. In some areas, the delineation of drinking water source protection areas is unclear, the boundaries are unclear, and illegal problems are common. Cases of illegal transfer and dumping of solid waste and hazardous waste are on the rise.
How to restore the ecological environment of the Yangtze River more effectively? It is necessary to grasp the characteristics of the Yangtze River ecosystem and establish and improve the cooperative protection system and mechanism of ecological environment.
"At present, although the water ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin has improved, there is still a big gap with the construction goal of beautiful China. In addition, the ecological compensation mechanism in the upper, middle and lower reaches has not yet been established, which poses a more severe challenge to the water ecological environment protection in the Yangtze River Basin." The relevant person in charge of the Yangtze River Committee believes that "the Yangtze River Economic Belt, as a basin economy, involves water, roads, ports, shores, production, cities, biology, wetlands, environment and other aspects. It is a whole and must be comprehensively grasped and planned. Face ‘ Grasp the great protection together ’ It is necessary to further improve the management system combining river basin management with regional management, establish and improve inter-departmental and inter-regional coordination mechanisms, establish river basin information sharing mechanisms, improve public participation mechanisms, and form joint efforts and systematic governance. "
According to the relevant person in charge of the Water Environment Management Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment actively promotes regional synergy in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and constantly innovates the upper, middle and lower reaches by studying and establishing a planning environmental assessment consultation mechanism, building a unified ecological environment monitoring network, and promoting ecological protection compensation. Grasp the big protection path and improve the ecological environment collaborative protection mechanism. In the next step, in accordance with the relevant requirements of institutional reform and comprehensive law enforcement reform of ecological environment protection, we will further promote the reform of the ecological environment supervision system in the Yangtze River basin, establish and improve the system of overall planning of the basin and the implementation of the river (lake) length, and set up a river basin ecological environment supervision and law enforcement agency to realize unified planning, unified standards, unified environmental assessment, unified monitoring and unified law enforcement of the basin ecological environment.
In addition, there is also a strong voice for strengthening river basin legislation. The relevant person in charge of the Yangtze River Committee suggested that relevant legislation should be promoted as soon as possible, and the legislative process of the Yangtze River Protection Law and the promulgation and implementation of relevant supporting regulations such as water resources protection, joint dispatching of water projects and shoreline utilization should be accelerated.
Chen Jiakuan, distinguished professor of Fudan University, suggested setting up a strong management coordination organization across departments and administrative regions; Establish nature reserves in the Yangtze River basin in China, and set up corresponding coordination and management institutions; At the same time, major ecological restoration projects of wetlands in the Yangtze River basin will be implemented, and priority will be given to the rescue protection of tributaries of the Yangtze River with good ecology.