Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, August 16th Question: The mainland’s 13-price pneumonia vaccine is hard to find. Experts suggest rational vaccination without panic

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Qiu Yi and Gong Wen

　　Ms. Chen of Shanghai recently "grabbed" the last 13-price pneumonia vaccine in a community health service center far from home. In contrast, Mr. Zhang has been worried about finding such a vaccine for a long time.

　　According to industry insiders, although the number of 13-valent pneumonia vaccine entering Shanghai is limited, if the baby is not vaccinated, parents need not panic. On the one hand, they should take daily protection. On the other hand, people who are weak after 2 years old can choose to vaccinate 23-valent pneumonia vaccine.

　　13-price pneumonia vaccine is in short supply.

　　Mr. Zhang told reporters that in the past, the baby had to go to Hong Kong for 13 yuan. With the introduction of the mainland and landing in Shanghai in July, it was a very happy thing for parents, but I didn’t expect that it had become hard to find a needle when taking the baby to the community health center recently. "We even made an appointment at the foreign-funded Baihui Medical Center, which costs 2,300 yuan, which is much more expensive than the community health service center’s 700 yuan, but there is no vaccine there now."

　　The reporter asked a community health service center in Putuo District about the supply of 13-valent pneumonia vaccine, and the result was that "the second-class vaccines are generally out of stock this year, and the specific reasons are not very clear, because the second-class vaccines are now uniformly determined by the district CDC." The so-called second-class vaccine refers to other vaccines that are inoculated by citizens at their own expense and voluntarily compared with the first-class vaccine provided by the government to citizens free of charge.

　　Zhang Yuyan, director of Shanghai Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that at present, the vaccine is booked by the community health service center to the district CDC according to its own needs, and then purchased from the enterprise by the district CDC and then sent to each inoculation point. Because the vaccine needs to be approved by the relevant state departments, it is unclear about the specific cycle length. Some of them are very fast, some have to wait for several months, and the other five-vaccine for children has been out of stock for several months.

　　According to china food and drug administration, batch issuance of vaccines is one of the six functions of national vaccine supervision required by WHO. In the national vaccine management system, batch issuance is the last pass before vaccines are put on the market to ensure the safety and effectiveness of vaccines. On January 1, 2006, the regulatory authorities issued batches of all listed vaccines, that is, the system of mandatory inspection and audit for each batch of products when they are listed or imported. If the inspection fails or the audit is not approved, it shall not be listed or imported.

　　Why is the small vaccine so popular?

　　13-valent pneumonia vaccine, the full name of "13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine", is used to help infants aged 6 weeks to 15 months to prevent related invasive diseases caused by 13 pneumococcal serotypes, including bacteremia pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia and bacteremia.

　　The healthy growth of children is related to every family and even the whole society. Among vaccine-preventable diseases, pneumococcal disease is one of the important causes of death in children under 5 years old. At present, antibiotics are still the main method to treat invasive pneumococcal diseases, but antibiotics that used to be effective against pneumococcal diseases are now facing more and more serious drug resistance.

　　In April this year, Pfizer, a global pharmaceutical giant, held a 13-price pneumonia vaccine listing in Beijing, and many cities were able to vaccinate one after another. For many families, it was a long drought. It is worth mentioning that this vaccine is the only pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine that can be used for infants aged 6 weeks to 15 months in China. In addition, this vaccine has been included in the national immunization plan by more than 100 countries and regions around the world.

　　"Due to the strong demand for 13-valent pneumonia vaccine vaccination at present, the Shanghai area is temporarily in short supply. We are actively coordinating and striving to meet everyone’s needs as soon as possible. " Pfizer responded.

　　Experts suggest that there is no need to panic if you can’t get the vaccine.

　　According to the vaccination schedule of 13-valent pneumonia vaccine, the first step is basic immunization. One to three doses are inoculated within 6 weeks to 6 months, and the interval between each dose is 4 to 8 weeks. The second step is to strengthen immunization and inoculate 1 dose within 12 to 15 months of age.

　　In view of many parents’ anxiety that the baby missed the vaccination time due to the shortage of vaccines, Zhang Yuyan suggested not to worry too much. If it is really necessary, the baby can choose to be vaccinated with 23-valent pneumonia vaccine after the baby is 2 years old. In addition, vaccination with 13-valent pneumonia vaccine can prevent the related invasive diseases caused by 13 serotypes it covers, but if it is pneumonia or diseases caused by other reasons, vaccination with this vaccine will not play a role.

　　Compared with the trivalent pneumonia vaccine, the trivalent pneumonia vaccine covers 23 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Children under 2 years old are not perfect in their own immune system, so it is not easy to produce antibodies to polysaccharide antigens. Therefore, the vaccine is only suitable for people over 2 years old who are susceptible to diseases (such as children, patients with basic diseases and the elderly).

　　Hu Jiayu, director of the Monitoring and Evaluation Department of Vaccine Preventable Diseases of the Institute of Immunization of the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that vaccination can greatly reduce the risk of contracting pneumonia and other diseases, but it does not mean that you can sit back and relax once and for all. As parents, when choosing vaccination for their babies, they should make a rational decision according to the children’s own physique, the risk of infection and the family’s economic affordability.

　　"Explosive" pneumonia vaccine can’t hit? Knowing common sense is more calm.

　　Thirteen-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine is a self-funded vaccination project, but it is still in short supply, and even in Shanghai and other places, it is "finished" soon after listing. What is the function of the 13-valent pneumonia vaccine? Is there any "remedy" plan if the child misses the appropriate age of the vaccine? Let’s see what the experts say. >>

　　The 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide combined vaccine ushered in the first shot in many places.

　　Thirteen-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine which can be used for infants has been inoculated in Kunming, Xi ‘an, Shenyang and Fuzhou since March 23rd. Ceng Guang, honorary chairman of the Public Health Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, said that under the guidance of the working ideology of continuously optimizing the prevention and control strategies of major diseases and improving the level of major and basic public health services, the listing of trivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide combined vaccine is of great significance to protect infants from the serotype invasive pneumococcal diseases. >>

　　On March 30th, the 10th China Network Audiovisual Conference opened in Chengdu. With the theme of "New Journey, Start Again", this conference focuses on the new mode, new content, new culture, new format and new pattern of network audio-visual development, showing the great achievements made by network audio-visual in the new era and decade as a new position of propaganda and a new carrier of cultural prosperity, and presenting a new look of network audio-visual playing the main theme, forging ahead in a new journey and realizing a new leap in the new era and new journey. Peng Jianming, member of the editorial board of the Central Radio and Television General Station and general manager of the general manager’s office, delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the conference.

Peng Jianming, member of the editorial board of the Central Radio and Television General Station and general manager of the general manager’s office, delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the conference.

　　Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "strengthening the construction of all-media communication system and shaping a new pattern of mainstream public opinion" put forward new requirements for the deep integration and innovative development of media, and the development of online audio-visual industry entered a new stage. Peng Jianming said that as an annual event in the field of online audiovisual in China, it is timely for this conference to discuss in depth the new direction and new methods of the future development of online audiovisual with the theme of "new journey, start again".

　　Facing the new challenges of the all-media era, Peng Jianming pointed out that the Central Radio and Television General Station has always insisted on finding directions, ideas, inspirations and answers from the important thoughts, expositions and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, embracing the Internet and creating all-media with the spirit of "elephants should learn to dance street dance", and its leading power, communication power and influence at home and abroad have continued to rise. As the ideological center of the Party and the national radio and television station, the Central Radio and Television General Station is deeply promoting the integrated communication of "thought+art+technology", making every effort to create a new media platform full of innovation, creativity and hope, and leading the healthy development of the network audio-visual industry.

　　Peng Jianming introduced that a large number of new media brands such as CCTV News Eye of Current Affairs, Anchor’s Talk on Network Broadcasting, CCTV Quick Review, Everyday Learning, Yangguang. com’s Echo of Learning, and International Online Workshop have continuously innovated ways and means of publicity and interpretation with Internet thinking, making the party’s innovative theory "fly into the homes of ordinary people". Among the Party’s top 20 reports, the related reports of the General Desk have reached 25.201 billion person-times across the media on its own platform, and have historically achieved full coverage in 233 countries and regions around the world, creating the communication effect of "the widest coverage, the largest reach scale, the most broadcast and reprinting, and the hottest interactive topic", bringing together a powerful force to make contributions in a new era and forge ahead in a new journey.

　　Peng Jianming pointed out that with the power of "thought+art+technology", the reception desk continues to promote the innovation of all-chain, all-round and all-field quality programs, and strives to achieve the good trend of "all screens are quality products", constantly improving the ideological height, cultural thickness, emotional temperature and production accuracy of quality programs, so that the golden signboard of "produced by the reception desk" is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. A series of online cultural products, such as CCTV Network Spring Festival Evening, Commemorating young’s Summer, young’s New Flowers at Weekend, Inviting New Soldiers to Join the Team, and Trilogy of Life, have created a youth carnival and shaped a youth "strong magnetic field" with creative and innovative audio-visual expressions. The central video "National Employment Action" has been launched for four consecutive seasons, giving play to the brand appeal of the national media platform, helping the majority of college graduates to obtain high-quality employment and winning wide acclaim from all walks of life.

　　Peng Jianming also introduced the situation that the Central Radio and Television General Station strengthened technical empowerment and seized the new highland of network audio-visual communication. He said that the main station actively built a strategic pattern of "5G+4K/8K+AI", new technologies continued to accelerate the innovation of empowering media, and the all-media communication matrix accelerated the pace of upgrading and upgrading, making mainstream voices sing louder and spread more widely. The main station will build a new media platform that covers websites, clients, mobile TV, IPTV, Internet TV, outdoor TV and so on. At present, the cumulative download volume of "Central Video" client exceeds 490 million times, the total number of users of "CCTV News" new media is over 930 million, the number of users of "Cloud Listening" client is nearly 200 million, and the multi-terminal users of CCTV network cover more than 2 billion people worldwide, expanding the influence map of mainstream values with strong advantages of integrated communication. In order to help the national cultural digitalization strategy, on the New Year’s Eve of this year, the General Desk officially launched the "Yangbo" digital platform, and launched the "Yangbo New Year Cloud Temple Fair" with cutting-edge technology, striving to create a new highland of digital culture that brings together various national cultural resources.

　　The new journey is an expedition full of glory and dreams. Peng Jianming said: "The reception desk is willing to join hands with the national radio and television institutions and online audio-visual media, unite forces from all walks of life, strengthen the construction of all-media communication system, jointly build a new pattern of mainstream public opinion, and play online audio-visual ‘ Chorus ’ 。”

Yue ke Gao zi [2021] No.222

Around the level of the Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (Commission), the relevant units:

　　In order to further promote the construction of a new pattern of science and technology incubation and breeding system in our province and realize new promotion, the Special Action Plan for High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation and Breeding System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025) is hereby printed and distributed to you, please implement it carefully.

Provincial science and technology department

December 3, 2021

Special Action Plan for High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025)

　　This action plan is formulated in order to fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress, the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on scientific and technological innovation and Guangdong’s work, meet the requirements of high-quality development, and further promote the construction of a new pattern and new promotion of the science and technology incubation system in our province.

　　First, the overall thinking and objectives

　　Focusing on the overall positioning goal given to Guangdong by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, we will implement the "1+1+9" work plan of the Provincial Party Committee, seize the opportunity of the construction of the pioneering demonstration zones in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Shenzhen, and strengthen the "two-city linkage" between Guangzhou and Shenzhen, so as to realize the transformation of the development of the incubation system in our province from scale growth to high-quality development, and take the promotion of incubation kinetic energy and acceleration of industrial incubation as the main line. We will further promote six special actions, including the cultivation of industrial incubation clusters, the promotion of characteristic incubation carriers, the innovative development of university science parks, the "quality Shuang Sheng" of incubating enterprises, the "expansion and quality improvement" of entrepreneurial tutors, and the financial support for innovation and entrepreneurship, and accelerate the formation of a "one core, one belt and one district" pattern of regional coordinated development, which is guided by the "dual cores" of Guangzhou and Shenzhen, with the high-quality development of the core area of the Pearl River Delta and the characteristic development of the eastern and western wings of the coastal economic belt and the northern ecological zone.

　　By 2023, the province’s incubation and breeding system has made a breakthrough in terms of scale and quality, regional layout, short-board reinforcement and supporting development.

　　—— Incubation carrier realizes "stable quantity and rising quality". The number of incubators and creative spaces remains the first in China, and the number of state-level incubators and national creative spaces ranks among the top in China, with professional incubators accounting for over 40%, focusing on building a number of professional and branded incubators with global influence.

　　—— The characteristic incubation carrier realizes the new layout. Accelerate the full coverage of provincial accelerators in the national high-tech zones in the province; Accelerate the full coverage of provincial university science parks in high-level universities, and build 3 ~ 5 national university science parks with national demonstration effect; We will build more than 150 incubators for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and international technology enterprises.

　　-New breakthroughs have been made in the indicators of regional innovation capability business incubation. The total number of entrepreneurial tutors in the province ranks first in the country, and the ratio of the number of entrepreneurial tutors in the average incubator to the number of incubating enterprises reaches 1: 1; The cultivation of graduate enterprises has achieved substantial results, with an average of 6 graduate enterprises in the incubator that year; The scale of incubation funds has grown steadily, and the average annual growth rate of incubator funds in the province has reached 30%. —

　　-High-quality employment and economic development achieve "double support". The province’s incubation carrier has absorbed more than 620,000 jobs, including more than 10,000 entrepreneurs who have returned from overseas study; Cultivate more than 1,000 enterprises with an operating income of more than 50 million and incubate a number of listed enterprises in science and technology innovation board; Cultivate a number of tens of billions of industrial incubation clusters in the new generation of information technology, biomedicine, high-end equipment manufacturing and other professional fields.

　　By 2025, we will take the lead in building a national pioneering place for high-quality innovation and entrepreneurship and a new highland for international innovation and entrepreneurship, which will provide important support for promoting the development of strategic pillar industries and strategic emerging industries in our province, cultivating future industries, enhancing regional innovation capabilities and building Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Science and Technology Innovation Center.

　　Second, the key tasks

　　(a) industrial incubation cluster cultivation action.

　　Constructing a collaborative innovation model of supply chain led by leading enterprises. Guide leading enterprises to build their own incubation carriers or open industrial innovation platforms, open application scenarios for small and medium-sized enterprises, and release the research and development needs of key technologies and reserve technologies. By integrating the industrial chain and supply chain resources of raw material production, spare parts supply, scale production and market sales, small and medium-sized enterprises and large enterprises will be promoted to cooperate and cooperate in depth, and a new industrial incubation ecology with innovative collaboration, capacity sharing and supply chain interoperability among large and medium-sized enterprises will be established.

　　Promote incubation carriers, focus on professional fields and accelerate industrial incubation. Encourage accelerator-based incubation carriers to focus on the common industrial needs in sub-sectors and develop in the direction of specialization and industrialization. By constructing industrial incubation service systems such as industrial design, concept verification, intermediate test and small batch trial production, inspection and testing, product experience and market sales, we will provide standardized and universal professional services for the industrialization development of enterprises in residence, and formulate personalized industrial service plans to accelerate industrial incubation in combination with the needs of enterprises of different industrial types and different development stages.

　　Cultivate industrial incubation clusters in combination with the direction of local industries. Around the strategic pillar industries, strategic emerging industries and the future industrial construction direction of Guangdong Province, a number of industrial incubators and accelerators with deep integration with industries are arranged. Focus on promoting the integration of industrial resources in the national high-tech zones in the Pearl River Delta region, build and gather a number of industrial incubation carriers around the fields of new generation information technology, biomedicine and high-end equipment manufacturing, take the lead in building industrial incubation clusters, form a regional agglomeration incubation effect, inject fresh water into the local industrial development, and cultivate new ideas, new models and new subjects for the industry.

　　(2) Promotion of characteristic incubation carriers.

　　Cultivate incubation carriers of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and international technology enterprises. Improve the incubation service capabilities of incubation platforms such as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, international incubation carriers and overseas students’ pioneer parks, and focus on building a number of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan characteristic incubation carriers and benchmark incubators with international influence in Shenzhen Qianhai and Zhuhai Hengqin, so as to promote the transformation of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and international scientific and technological achievements in our province. Encourage incubators to "go global" to carry out overseas layout, and give priority to setting up offshore science and technology incubation bases or demonstration institutions for the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements in international sister cities, international innovative talents-intensive areas and countries along the Belt and Road, so as to gather global high-end innovation resources, promote the two-way incubation of international scientific and technological achievements, and create a new highland for international innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Encourage scientific and technological innovation carriers and platforms to build professional incubation carriers. Support provincial universities, scientific research institutions and other scientific and technological innovation carriers, and provincial laboratories, high-level innovation research institutes and other innovation platforms fully combine the advantages of professional disciplines and scientific research forces to build professional incubation carriers; Relying on innovative achievement transformation platforms such as Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area National Technology Innovation Center, we will provide incubation services such as technology research and development, technology transfer, pilot verification and R&D fund, and promote more scientific and technological innovation research and development to realize achievement transformation and incubation.

　　Promote the high-tech zone to speed up the layout of a number of accelerators. Encourage high-tech zones above the provincial level to strengthen open innovation, strengthen the development and sharing of scientific and technological resources, build a number of accelerators in related fields around the layout of characteristic industries in local high-tech zones, gradually build professional incubation chains, and cultivate emerging forces for local industries. By 2025, the national high-tech zone will achieve full coverage of provincial accelerators.

　　(3) Innovative development actions of university science parks.

　　Promote the incremental upgrading of university science parks. Guide local cities to build a number of provincial-level university science parks with distinctive discipline characteristics, obvious technological advantages, concentrated innovation elements and strong industrial driving force, and strive to achieve full coverage of provincial-level university science parks by 2025. Guide provincial university science parks to create national university science parks, and gradually form a gradient development pattern of provincial and national university science parks.

　　Innovate the transfer and transformation mode of scientific and technological achievements. Support the introduction or construction of technology transfer institutions in university science parks, set up a team of specialized technology brokers, and support the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the cooperation of "school+park+enterprise" in innovation and entrepreneurship, integrate the scientific and educational resources of technological innovation centers, key laboratories, collaborative innovation centers and engineering centers in schools, build a full-chain service platform from research and development, pilot-scale ripening to industrial trial production, carry out engineering and industrial development to meet the needs of industrial development, and promote the transfer and transformation of technological achievements with application prospects.

　　Strengthen the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents. Explore the establishment of entrepreneurship colleges, innovation and entrepreneurship practice bases and practice training bases, provide practical platforms for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship, enhance their innovative spirit, entrepreneurial awareness and innovative and entrepreneurial ability, and cultivate a group of innovative and entrepreneurial reserve forces with entrepreneurial spirit. Support college graduates to start businesses on the spot, and encourage the formation of joint entrepreneurial teams with college teachers and college alumni.

　　(D) "Quality Shuang Sheng" action of incubating enterprises.

　　Accelerate the cultivation of scientific and technological entrepreneurial enterprises. Support incubation carriers to join entrepreneurial training institutions, establish a "full companion" counseling mechanism for key enterprises, carry out systematic and in-depth innovation and entrepreneurship cultivation for high-quality incubating enterprises with strong technology research and development foundation and good market prospects, promote enterprises to establish a patent pre-application evaluation mechanism, carry out high-value patent layout, and guide the growth and development of incubating enterprises in an all-round way. Strengthen the linkage between incubator identification and evaluation of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, improve the scientific and technological content of enterprises cultivated by incubators, and intensify efforts to cultivate high-quality enterprises such as small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises, high-tech enterprises and listed (listed) enterprises.

　　Enhance the endogenous development momentum of incubating enterprises. Promote the "joint innovation plan for large, medium and small enterprises", guide small and medium-sized enterprises to leverage resources such as supply chain, management and capital of large enterprises, accelerate the endogenous kinetic energy of innovation and development, and form an industrial ecosystem where large, medium and small enterprises are integrated. Encourage leading enterprises to form innovation consortia, drive small and medium-sized enterprises to carry out innovation activities, jointly undertake national, provincial and municipal research and development plans in key areas, and promote small and medium-sized enterprises to enhance their technological innovation and industrial transformation capabilities.

　　Smooth the graduation passage of incubating enterprises. Promote the construction of a number of professional incubation chains with accelerators as the main body, gradually open up the docking channels between incubators and accelerators, promote the incubation carriers to actively revitalize the existing stocks, and accelerate the graduation of incubating enterprises.

　　(V) Entrepreneurship mentor’s action of "expanding capacity and improving quality".

　　Improve the filing system for entrepreneurial tutors. Issue the Guidelines for the Filing of Entrepreneurial Mentors in Guangdong Province, clarify the definition, filing conditions, process and mentor service content of entrepreneurial mentors, and establish a normalized and dynamic filing mechanism for entrepreneurial mentors; Cooperate with various resources, fully tap different types of entrepreneurial tutors such as enterprise management, technological innovation, technology and finance, scientific and technological services and carrier operation, establish a database of entrepreneurial tutors in Guangdong Province, and improve the management system of entrepreneurial tutors in our province.

　　Improve the service ability of entrepreneurial tutors. Carry out comprehensive ability training for entrepreneurial tutors, continuously improve the cultivation system of entrepreneurial tutors, and enhance the personalized and professional entrepreneurial service capabilities that entrepreneurial tutors need for different types of entrepreneurs and enterprises at different stages of development. Through the activities of "Entrepreneurial Mentors Traveling in Cities and Parks", field visits and problem diagnosis are carried out to provide entrepreneurs and enterprises with more targeted and broader entrepreneurial counseling services.

　　Establish an incentive mechanism for entrepreneurial tutors. Encourage qualified cities to give subsidies to entrepreneurial tutors with outstanding service performance. It is recommended to enter the expert database of Guangdong incubation and breeding system construction, recommend qualified entrepreneurial instructors to enter the expert database of Guangdong science and technology enterprises, recommend entrepreneurial instructors to participate in the selection of outstanding dual-innovation talents at all levels, and regularly carry out the selection of "Guangdong Excellent Entrepreneurship Instructors" to effectively expand the team of instructors.

　　(VI) Financial support actions for innovation and entrepreneurship.

　　Expand the total scale of incubation funds in our province. In the performance evaluation of provincial incubation carriers, the establishment of incubation funds and the assessment of investment and financing should be strengthened. Encourage cities to give subsidies to financial institutions that build incubation funds with incubation carriers, and set up a fund pool for risk compensation of science and technology loans for enterprises that are incubating (entering), effectively expanding the scale of incubation funds in our province.

　　Promote the deep integration of business incubation and technology and finance. Support industry associations to jointly incubate carriers, technology and finance Comprehensive Service Center and various financial institutions, carry out special matchmaking meetings, promote "entrepreneurial mentors" and "technology and finance commissioners" to pair up and serve incubating enterprises, and increase Pratt & Whitney technology and finance’s service to incubating carriers and incubating (settled) enterprises. Governments at all levels are encouraged to increase investment risk compensation for venture capital funds and industrial investment funds for incubating enterprises. Give full play to the guiding role of SDIC (Guangdong) Venture Capital Fund for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements and the parent fund for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of China Academy of Sciences, and increase the cultivation and investment of entrepreneurial projects, start-ups and growth enterprises.

　　Improve the docking ability between incubation and capital market. Encourage local cities to reduce the cost of listing by means of awards and subsidies, promote the listing of qualified incubation carriers and enterprises in the Guangdong Science and Technology Innovation Board and the New Third Board, further promote the listing in the North Exchange, science and technology innovation board, Growth Enterprise Market, Main Board and overseas capital markets, and accelerate the formation of a gradient development system for listing and listing.

　　Third, safeguard measures

　　(1) Improve the working mechanism. Establish a cross-departmental collaborative promotion mechanism such as the Provincial Development and Reform Commission, the Provincial Department of Education, the Provincial Department of Science and Technology, the Provincial Department of Finance, and the Provincial Department of People’s Social Welfare, strengthen macro guidance and coordination of the province’s incubation carriers, strengthen supervision and implementation of key tasks of the special action plan, and regularly report the progress of relevant work to guide the healthy and orderly development of various incubation carriers. Establish a "one-to-many" counterpart cooperation mechanism between the core area of the Pearl River Delta and the eastern and western wings of the coastal economic belt and the northern ecological development zone to promote the overall improvement of the incubation carrier in the province.

　　(2) Improve policy guarantee. Combined with the key promotion direction of regional innovation ability, the performance evaluation system is formulated. Provinces and cities should cooperate to strengthen financial support, encourage local cities to study and introduce innovative policies to improve the ability of business incubation, as well as supporting policies in land planning, talent introduction incentives and financial support to support the construction of local university science parks, guide leading enterprises and scientific research institutions to build incubation carriers, and accelerate the construction of university science parks in colleges and universities.

　　(3) Strengthen dynamic management. Implement dynamic management of the province’s incubation carriers and strengthen the elimination mechanism of provincial incubation carriers. Improve the statistical index system, add accelerators and university science parks for statistics and filing. Establish a dynamic monitoring mechanism to dynamically monitor the construction of business incubation indicators in our province and scientifically guide the development of the industry.

　　(4) Optimize the entrepreneurial environment. Support high-quality incubation carriers to form chain incubation brands with Guangdong characteristics, build brands of Guangdong business incubation activities such as "Yuekechuang" and Guangdong Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition, and continuously enhance the national influence of Guangdong incubation. Construct a multi-level training system for personnel in the incubation industry to improve the professional ability of incubation service personnel in all directions; Continue to improve the incubation industry organizations in cities and strengthen the linkage and cooperation between provincial and municipal industry associations. Strengthen the construction of the service platform of the province’s science and technology incubation system, strengthen the data interconnection between provinces and cities, and promote the exchange and sharing of the province’s incubation service resources.

Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 In order to implement the spirit of the State Council’s Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Innovation and Entrepreneurship to Create an Upgraded Version of "Innovation and Entrepreneurship", accelerate the implementation of the Special Action Plan for the High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025), establish a database of entrepreneurial tutors in the province, improve the team of entrepreneurial tutors in the province, strengthen the classified guidance of entrepreneurial tutors, give full play to their professional service ability and improve the service level of innovation and entrepreneurship in the province, these work guidelines are specially formulated.

　　Article 2 For the purposes of these Guidelines, the registered entrepreneurial mentors (hereinafter referred to as entrepreneurial mentors) mainly refer to enterprise management experts, technical innovation experts, technology and finance experts, technical service experts, and carrier operation experts who can provide professional and practical counseling services to entrepreneurial enterprises and entrepreneurs.

　　Article 3 The Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province shall provide professional guidance to entrepreneurial tutors in the whole province. Entrust a professional organization to be responsible for the implementation of daily work.

Chapter II Filing Conditions and Categories

　　Article 4 An entrepreneurial tutor shall meet the following basic requirements:

　　(1) Abide by national laws and regulations and have good ideological and political quality.

　　(two) physical and mental health, love entrepreneurship, good professional ethics, a strong sense of social responsibility and dedication, voluntary entrepreneurship guidance.

　　(three) familiar with the national and local policies and regulations on innovation and entrepreneurship, with a high level of policy theory and professional and technical level, familiar with enterprise management and market operation rules.

　　(four) have rich experience or professional expertise in entrepreneurship guidance, entrepreneurship training, starting or managing enterprises, and actively participate in entrepreneurship guidance activities in our province, and can provide various counseling services for entrepreneurial enterprises and entrepreneurs.

　　Article 5 Entrepreneurial mentors mainly include the following categories:

　　(1) Enterprise management. Leading enterprises, industry backbone enterprises, innovative enterprises and other relevant responsible persons or executives.

　　(2) Technological innovation. Universities, scientific research institutions, new R&D institutions, high-level innovation research institutes, enterprises and other experts who provide technical guidance for innovation and entrepreneurship in professional and technical fields.

　　(3) technology and finance. Experts with investment and financing counseling experience in financial institutions such as venture capital companies, securities companies and banks.

　　(4) scientific and technological services. Experts in universities, scientific research institutions, relevant government departments, etc. who carry out research, management and guidance of innovative and entrepreneurial activities, as well as scientific and technological service institutions to carry out financial, legal, market and intellectual property services.

　　(5) Carrier operation. Incubation carriers of science and technology enterprises such as Zhongchuang Space, Incubators and Accelerators, and operation managers of carriers such as University Science Park.

　　(6) Others. Other mentors who provide double-creation counseling for entrepreneurs and enterprises in the province.

Chapter III Filing Process and Mechanism

　　Article 6 Entrepreneurial tutors shall be filed in the following ways:

　　(1) Normalized collection. Professional institutions are responsible for the normal collection of entrepreneurial tutors.

　　(2) declaration. Those who meet the requirements of entrepreneurial tutors can apply through personal recommendation, unit recommendation, invitation from outside the province, etc., fill in the Application Form for Entrepreneurship Tutors in Guangdong Province, and provide their identity certificates, resumes and typical cases.

　　(3) review. Professional institutions conduct qualification examination according to the conditions of entrepreneurial tutors.

　　(4) filing. Eligible entrepreneurial tutors are included in the "Guangdong Entrepreneurship Tutor Database" and an electronic filing certificate for entrepreneurial tutors is issued.

　　Article 7 Entrepreneurial tutors adopt a dynamic filing mechanism, and the filing period is valid for 2 years. During the validity period, relevant counseling tasks can be carried out, and they can automatically continue to file, otherwise they need to resubmit their applications.

　　Article 8 During the filing period, an entrepreneurial tutor will be disqualified from filing under any of the following circumstances:

　　(1) Engaging in activities outside the scope of duties of an entrepreneurial mentor in the society in the name of an entrepreneurial mentor, causing adverse effects.

　　(2) divulging the business secrets of an entrepreneurial enterprise.

　　(3) Failing to fulfill the responsibilities and obligations of the entrepreneurial tutor.

　　(four) the entrepreneurial tutor voluntarily applies for cancellation of the record.

　　(five) because of other reasons can not work as a business mentor.

Chapter IV Service Contents and Incentive Measures

　　Article 9 Entrepreneurial mentors shall undertake the responsibility of counseling entrepreneurial enterprises and entrepreneurs, and provide consulting and guidance services for all kinds of entrepreneurs who are willing to start a business or are in the early stage of starting a business; Docking incubation carriers, university science parks and accepting employment, actively providing counseling and services for start-up enterprises. The main service contents of entrepreneurial tutors are:

　　(1) Entrepreneurship counseling. Participate in brand activities such as entrepreneurial tutors’ trips to cities and parks, and provide professional guidance for entrepreneurial enterprises in industrial chain resource docking, project evaluation, market analysis, investment and financing, enterprise management and capital operation; Jointly form an innovative strategic consulting team with professional institutions to connect with cutting-edge technical teams for high-quality incubation projects of large enterprises.

　　(2) Entrepreneurship training. As a double-innovation training lecturer, he provides entrepreneurs with entrepreneurship training in technology research and development, business model and internationalization.

　　(3) Entrepreneurial activities. As a special guest of the important double-creation activities in the province, we will share the entrepreneurial experience and create an entrepreneurial atmosphere.

　　(4) Policy research. As an expert in innovation and entrepreneurship research, he conducted research on the policy of dual innovation, studied the development trend of dual innovation, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions to provide decision-making reference for government management departments.

　　Article 10 After professional training, entrepreneurial instructors are recommended to enter the expert database of incubation and breeding system construction in Guangdong Province. Recommend qualified entrepreneurial instructors to enter the expert database of enterprise science and technology commissioners in Guangdong Province. Entrepreneurial tutors are recommended to participate in the selection, study and inspection of outstanding dual-creative talents at the national and provincial levels.

　　Eleventh to help entrepreneurial tutors docking high-quality incubation projects, innovative talents, technology and finance, incubation carrier and other dual-innovation resources.

　　Twelfth regularly carry out the evaluation of entrepreneurial tutors, and those who actively provide entrepreneurial counseling and have good service performance are selected as "excellent entrepreneurial tutors in Guangdong Province". Outstanding cases of entrepreneurial tutors coaching entrepreneurs will be publicized and promoted through public networks, magazines and other media.

　　Thirteenth to encourage qualified cities to give subsidies to entrepreneurial tutors with outstanding service performance.

Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 14 The Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Guidelines, which shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

Related Links: Policy Interpretation of Special Action Plan for High-quality Development of Science and Technology Incubation and Breeding System in Guangdong Province (2021-2025)

Have you learned the use of 5 million central control large screen in 2023? Personally, I feel that many people only use two or three of them, or learn a little from online videos.

The first thing to grasp is that the LCD dashboard above the steering wheel and the central control screen can be mapped, so some functional items in the central control screen can be displayed on the dashboard of the car.

The central control of the big screen is first of all the user system displayed by the car machine. This owner needs to download the Volkswagen APP, and then it is best to register with the owner’s information, and then you can enter.

After we click the interface to enter the car, we will see 20 functional items on the car screen, namely: 1. Radio; 2. Telephone; 3. Navigation; 4. Driver assistance system; 5. Media; 6、APPCONNECT； 7. Vehicles; 8. Sound; 9. Users; 10. Settings; 11. Service Center; 12. Driving recorder; 13. Pictures; 14. weather; 15. Vehicle maintenance; 16. Smart home; 17. go on road trip; 18. Small programs; 19, car manual; 20. Online video.

Among the above functions, 1 music; 2 navigation; 3 telephone; 4 car status; 5 driving assistance; 6 driving data; 7 weather; It can be displayed above the dashboard of the driver’s steering wheel.

But pay attention; Most of the functional items in the locomotive system have flow requirements; When the donated traffic runs out (usually 3G to 4G), some functions can’t be used, but settings, assistance, etc. can still be used.

In fact, as a car owner, the most used ones are: 1 navigation; 2 reversing images; 3 driving recorder; 4 music; Telephone (Bluetooth) and other items are relatively seldom used.

As a car with a landing of about 120 thousand, he can have these configurations, and he also has all the commonly used configurations in the range of 100 thousand-200 thousand for family cars.

Of course, there is no way to compare the three big parts, gearbox, chassis suspension and cars over 200 thousand, after all, they are not at the same level.

The electronic handbrake of this car; ; Automatic start and stop; All the functions are available, and there is also a constant speed cruise. This function is so practical at high speed that you don’t have to step on the accelerator for a long time until you reach your thigh.

When we are driving, most of the buttons on the steering wheel can realize the above common functions.

Tips; This car consumes a lot of fuel when driving at low speed. If it is in a congested road section or a special road section, you can switch to manual M gear and use M1 and M2 gear to pass. Just switch back to D gear when driving normally; There is no need to use the gear above M3, otherwise why buy the automatic gear? Isn’t it more fun to drive by buying a manual gear?

In the [Autohome Huzhou preferential promotion channel], it is attracting the attention of car buyers with eye-catching discounts. It is understood that in Huzhou, Jaguar XEL is currently conducting a grand price reduction promotion, with a maximum discount of up to 150,000, bringing real benefits to consumers. The starting price has been adjusted to 169,800, which is very competitive. Friends who want to seize this preferential opportunity, be sure not to miss it, click "Chatti Car Price" in the quotation form to get more favorable car purchase conditions.

The exterior design of the Jaguar XEL is full of movement and elegance. The front face adopts the iconic large mouth air intake grille of the Jaguar family, and is matched with a unique shield design, which is very recognizable. The headlights are sharp and technological, and the lines are smooth, showing that Jaguar has carefully crafted details. The overall style blends sports and luxury, and the body lines are smooth, showing the sporty aesthetic of the Jaguar XEL. Whether it is the proportion of the body or the details, it reflects Jaguar’s pursuit of the driver and passenger experience.

With its elegant side lines, the Jaguar XEL outlines a refined body profile. The body size is 4778mm x 1850mm x 1429mm, and the wheelbase reaches 2935mm, showing excellent interior space. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1598mm and 1582mm respectively, providing good stability and handling for driving. The tire size is 225/45 R18, and it is matched with a delicate wheel design, which not only guarantees driving performance, but also adds a touch of dynamic and fashionable atmosphere.

The interior design of the Jaguar XEL shows the perfect fusion of luxury and technology. The refined leather steering wheel not only feels delicate to the touch, but also supports manual up and down + front and rear adjustments to ensure the driver’s comfort and ease of operation. The 10.2-inch central control screen stands in the middle, with a clear interface and automatic speech recognition control system, which can easily control multimedia, navigation and telephone, which enhances the convenience of the driving process. The seats are made of imitation leather, and the seat cushions are spacious and comfortable. The main and passenger seats support front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, high and low adjustment and waist support, providing passengers with a comfortable experience in multiple directions. The front seats are also equipped with an additional heating function to ensure that they can stay warm in cold weather. These configuration details reflect the Jaguar XEL’s emphasis on driver comfort and convenience.

The Jaguar XEL is equipped with a powerful 2.0T engine with a maximum power of 184 kilowatts and a maximum torque of 365 Nm. The engine has 250 horsepower and uses an L4 layout to provide strong power support for the vehicle. With an 8-speed automatic transmission, it not only ensures smooth driving, but also improves driving efficiency.

In conclusion, Autohome owners are full of praise for the appearance of the Jaguar XEL, especially the unique cigar body design and the front face full of British style, which are unforgettable at a glance. The owner specifically mentioned that the large oval air intake grille on the front face with the Leopard logo gives the vehicle a strong sense of movement and recognition. The movement of the side lines complements the green body chosen by the owner, adding a sense of luxury to the flagship model. This design undoubtedly meets the high requirements of the owner for the appearance of the vehicle, and makes people have a deeper impression of the Jaguar XEL.

The official beautiful picture of the Blue Electric E5 PLUS was released today, with its aesthetic appearance, wide interior space, flexible choice of five- and seven-seat versions, and surging power performance, once again leading the new fashion of the mid-sized SUV market.

In terms of exterior design, the Blue Electric E5 PLUS breaks the traditional constraints and creates a strong visual impact with a streamlined body design and a unique front face shape. The body lines are smooth and powerful, and every detail reveals the designer’s ultimate pursuit of aesthetics. In the front part, the delicate air intake grille complements the sharp headlights, showing a strong brand recognition.

In terms of interior space, the blue electric E5 PLUS also performs well. The spacious cockpit design provides passengers with ample head and legroom, even for long-distance travel.

The interior is made of high-quality materials and delicate to the touch, creating a luxurious and comfortable riding atmosphere. It is particularly worth mentioning that the Blue Electric E5 PLUS offers five- and seven-seat versions to meet the needs of different consumers.

The five-seat version has abundant space and is suitable for family travel; the seven-seat version is more flexible and versatile, suitable for group or multi-person travel.

The official release of the Blue Electric E5 PLUS undoubtedly brings consumers a high-quality model that combines aesthetic appearance, wide space, flexible seat layout and surging power. Whether it is young people who pursue fashion trends or consumers who pay attention to family travel, they can find their favorite choice in this model.

Original title: Wild hipsters "celebrate the New Year" in advance! The wildness of the Great Wall gun locomotive gun strikes

Put on a cool leather coat, put on a flamboyant helmet, get on a handsome off the charts motorcycle, indulge in the deserted field or desert, feel the wind whizzing by my ears, and only have a long way to go in my eyes. This is the fastest way of life I can think of. But the reality is always very skinny. I finally saved money to buy a heavy-duty motorcycle. I found that the city where I lived was forbidden to ride motorcycles, and there were no suitable tools to take to the suburbs. If I didn’t pay attention, I actually abandoned it for several months. Until recently, I heard that the Great Wall Gun produced a motorcycle gun that was linked with the locomotive circle dream. My spring is finally coming …

Extra-large container, easy loading of heavy locomotive

There is a saying, the Great Wall Gun locomotive gun can be said to be a treasure car tailored for our motorcycle enthusiasts. First of all, it has always been a headache for me to transport the locomotive out of the no-motorcycle area. First, my locomotive is relatively large, and the general truck simply can’t hold it. Second, even if the container is large enough, how to put the locomotive on it is a difficult problem, and the Great Wall Gun locomotive gun has solved all these two problems.

The locomotive gun is designed with two doors and two seats. The super-long wheelbase of 3470mm makes the container size reach an astonishing 2,475 mm x 1,520 mm x 540 mm, and with the super bearing capacity of 1.4 tons, most locomotives on the market can be easily installed in it. In addition, the locomotive guns are equipped with 2.5-ton trailer qualification+trailer power intake and trailer installation port as standard, making travel more legal and compliant.

In order to solve the problem of locomotive loading and unloading, the whole system of locomotive guns comes standard with container ramp ladder slots, and also provides two optional motorcycle racks: single and double cars. The locomotive frame adopts high-strength winch slide rail mechanism. By remote control of winch, one person can basically easily complete the loading and unloading of locomotive. At the same time, the perfect combination of the front wheel special fixing device and the nylon buckle strap also enhances the stability to the greatest extent, which can ensure the locomotive in the container to be safe and sound no matter the bumpy mountain road or the steep off-road road conditions.

High-level intelligence makes it easy to travel in the wild.

Not only that, the Great Wall Gun locomotive gun also inherits the "high intelligence" in the family gene, and is equipped with a new generation of intelligent voice control system, mobile phone remote control system, and optional intelligent driving assistance system. ACC adaptive cruise, lane centering, lane departure warning, lane merging assistance, reversing lateral warning, and 360-degree look-around system are all available, which greatly reduces the travel pressure. For example, when driving at high speed, I can start ACC adaptive cruise, so that the vehicle can follow the car at a safe distance, and my right foot is relaxed to the greatest extent, making full preparations for the later cross-country motorcycle.

It is worth mentioning that the performance of the Great Wall Gun is also quite outstanding in terms of power. The 2.0T＋8AT power combination, TOD intelligent timely four-wheel drive system and the optional rear axle electronically controlled differential lock directly fill the powerful passability and excellent off-road capability of the motorcycle gun. In this way, the motorcycle gun can easily pass in the face of suburban mountain roads, muddy roads and even professional off-road fields, preparing for me to indulge in racing.

At present, motorcycle gun partners are recruiting all over the country. Successful motorcycle gun partners can not only enjoy the exclusive car purchase benefits of the top 100, but also get rich benefits by recommending friends to buy motorcycle guns. In addition, high-quality partners can also obtain multiple benefits such as the regional operation right of the Locomotive Academy and the deposit-free deposit of locomotive peripheral products in the Great Wall Gun APP Mall. Forget it, I have to hurry to sign up!

Editor in charge:

The National Health and Wellness Committee held a regular press conference in Beijing on June 5 to introduce the progress and effectiveness of eye health work in China.

In 1999, the World Health Organization and the International Association for the Prevention of Blindness launched the "Vision 2020" global initiative, with the mission of eliminating avoidable blindness (cataract, trachoma, river blindness, child blindness, low vision and ametropia) on a global scale by 2020, and reversing the trend that avoidable visual injuries may double from 1990 to 2020. China is the first country in the western Pacific to launch the "Vision 2020" action. Since then, the core strategy and objectives of the "Vision 2020" action initiative have been integrated in the formulation of the 11th and 12th Five-Year plans for preventing and treating blindness. At the World Health Assembly in 2013, after the resolution "Universal Eye Health: Global Action Plan 2014-2019" was passed (still a part of the "Vision 2020" action initiative), the country formulated the "Thirteenth Five-Year National Eye Health Plan (2016-2020)" according to the requirements of the new resolution and the overall requirements of building a healthy China and deepening the reform of the medical and health system.

The three core strategies of "Vision 2020" have been fully incorporated into our national defense blind treatment and eye health work: disease control combined with primary health care, human resource development, infrastructure construction and appropriate technology application.

Governments at all levels in China vigorously promote the prevention and treatment of blindness, constantly improve the national, provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) and municipal management systems for prevention and treatment of blindness and the prevention and treatment network of eye diseases in counties, townships and villages, and ensure the accessibility of eye health services at the grassroots level through the construction of the prevention and treatment network. In addition, the work mode of preventing and treating blindness has changed from a single work of preventing and treating blindness to multi-faceted eye health management. At present, more attention is paid to moving forward the gateway and sinking resources, bringing primary eye care into primary health care, bringing ophthalmic diseases into chronic disease management, establishing eye health files, tracking and following up eye care and other long-term mechanisms. The prevention of blindness in China adheres to the government-led, multi-sectoral cooperation and the participation of the whole society. Through the overall planning and policy guidance of the government, the academic groups’ technical advantages, the participation of private hospitals and the active participation of social organizations, a model of eye disease prevention and treatment suitable for China’s national conditions has been formed, providing comprehensive, fair and accessible eye health services for the people.

Cataract is the first blinding eye disease in China.

Cataract is the first blinding eye disease in China. Through all-round long-term efforts, such as developing free cataract treatment project, realizing full coverage of medical insurance and improving the level of ophthalmology service in county-level medical institutions, the number of cataract operations per million people in China has increased from 83 in 1988 to 2205 in 2017, an increase of nearly 27 times. The surgical coverage rate of cataract patients has increased to 62.7%, and the goal that the number of cataract operations per million people in China should reach more than 2,000 by the end of 2020 proposed in the "Thirteenth Five-Year National Eye Health Plan" has been achieved ahead of schedule. In recent years, the state has promulgated a series of policies on promoting the construction and development of medical complexes, promoting the construction of graded diagnosis and treatment system, and comprehensively improving the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment capacity of county-level hospitals. The ophthalmic service capacity of county hospitals in China has been further improved. At present, about 90% of counties in China have ophthalmic medical institutions, and about 90% of them can independently carry out cataract surgery.

Our government actively promotes the early screening and early treatment of childhood blindness.

The proportion of children’s blindness in the total number of blind people is low, but because children are in the early stage of their life cycle, the number of years of disability life lost and the time of disability is long, children’s blindness often brings great burden to families and society. In 2006, the second national sampling survey of disabled people showed that the sampling ratio was 1.93%, the number of children aged 0-6 was 51,328, and there were 193 cases of visual disability, with a visual disability rate of 3.76‰. Over the years, the Chinese government has been actively promoting the early screening and early treatment of blindness in children. Among them, the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity has dropped from 20.3% in the 1990s to 10.8% in 2005, and the blindness rate has dropped significantly. In 2004, after the publication of "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Oxygen and Retinopathy in Premature Infants", a screening system was basically formed in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other places, which was under the responsibility of an eye center and jointly operated by several neonatal intensive care units. In 2013, in order to improve the quality of children’s health care, and further standardize the contents, methods, processes and assessment of children’s health care services in related fields, the state issued the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Technical Specifications for Children’s Eye and vision care (Wei Ban Fu She Fa [2013] No.26). In 2019, the state issued the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in Eye Care and Vision Examination for Children Aged 0-6", demanding that the establishment and improvement of the residents’ electronic health record information system be accelerated, and the electronic management of the vision health records of children aged 0-6 should be realized as soon as possible.Ensure that the contents related to children’s vision health records in children’s health records of 0-6 years old are completely, accurately and smoothly extracted when children enter school, and handed over to educational institutions in time. In addition, statistical indicators such as the number of children aged 0-6 who have eye care and vision examination, the number of children aged 6 who have vision examination, and the number of children aged 6 who have poor eyesight have been added to the Annual Report on Health Care and Health of Children under Seven. The coverage of eye care and vision examination for children aged 0-6 years and the establishment of electronic files of vision health have been included in the assessment system, and it is required that the annual coverage of eye care and vision examination for children aged 0-6 years will reach over 90% from 2019.

Until the early 1980s, the rehabilitation of low vision was still a blank in China. In 1983, Beijing Tongren Hospital set up the first low vision clinic in China, which filled the gap in the rehabilitation of low vision in China. In 1991, China incorporated the rehabilitation of low vision into the Outline of the Eighth Five-Year Plan for the Disabled in China. Since then, until the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, the China Disabled Persons’ Federation has made the rehabilitation of low vision one of its key tasks. Through the establishment of the low vision rehabilitation department, training personnel, developing and supplying visual AIDS, and popularizing knowledge, it has trained a large number of low vision rehabilitation professionals and trained hundreds of thousands of parents of children with low vision. According to the National Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Blindness (2012-2015), all provincial rehabilitation institutions for the disabled have established "low vision rehabilitation centers" to strengthen the service capacity building of low vision rehabilitation centers. Establish the production and supply service network of low-vision AIDS to improve the quality of life of low-vision patients. In 2013, the State issued the Notice on Printing and Distributing Technical Specifications for Children’s Eye and vision care, which clearly stipulated that newborns should be screened for eye diseases regularly after birth, so as to reduce the occurrence of children’s low vision from the source. By 2020, China has initially established a relatively complete service network covering urban and rural areas, and a policy system has been formed in various places to guarantee basic assistive devices services for patients with low vision.The service ability and service status of fitting visual AIDS have been improved, and the adaptation rate of basic assistive devices for disabled people and disabled children with needs has reached over 80%. It can be predicted that under the overall planning of the national health administrative department and the China Disabled Persons’ Federation, through the joint efforts of the whole society, especially professional and technical personnel, China will gradually form a complete and formal evaluation and rehabilitation system to help patients with low vision improve their quality of life and participate in social life.

The number of ophthalmologists in China is estimated to have reached 40 thousand.

The number of ophthalmologists in China was 19,100 in 2003, and now it is estimated that the number has reached 40,000, which is more than twice that of 2003. As early as 2014, there were 1.13 ophthalmologists in every 50,000 people in China, which has exceeded the WHO requirement that there should be one ophthalmologist in every 50,000 people in a well-off country. In 2018, the number of doctors with cataract surgery ability in China was 13,835, 2.33 times that of 2000 (5,939). The number of full-time nurses in ophthalmology has also increased significantly, from 16,100 in 2003 to 50,000. In addition, the proportion of middle and senior ophthalmologists and the ratio of ophthalmologists to doctors and nurses are gradually becoming reasonable. The number of optometrists increased from 1487 in 2006 to 6218 in 2018, a fourfold increase. The number of ophthalmic medical service institutions has increased from more than 4,000 in 2006 to more than 6,000 today, an increase of more than 50%. The number of ophthalmic beds has increased from more than 40,000 in 2000 to more than 130,000 in 2018, a threefold increase.

Trachoma is no longer a public health problem that harms our visual health.

Through the long-term investment and efforts of the China Municipal Government, the patriotic health campaign of the whole society, the implementation of a series of measures such as environmental improvement and the promotion of SAFE strategy, the improvement of economic level and medical level, the state’s investment in rural medical construction and medical insurance, the public health conditions and medical conditions have been greatly improved, and the accessibility of antibiotics for trachoma patients has been greatly improved. In 2014, China achieved the goal of eliminating blinding trachoma proposed by WHO. On May 18th, 2015, it was officially announced at the 68th World Health Assembly: In 2014, China met the requirements of WHO to eradicate blinding trachoma, and eliminated blinding trachoma ahead of schedule. Trachoma is no longer a public health problem that harms our visual health. In 2019, the World Health Organization certified the work of eliminating blinding trachoma in China according to new procedures and standards.

The prevention and treatment of uncorrected ametropia has become an important part of eye health work in China.

屈光不正中的近视是世界范围内发病率最高且年龄跨度最大的眼健康问题，其中高度近视视网膜病变在致盲原因中占相当高的比例，未矫正屈光不正的防治已成为我国眼健康工作的重要内容。2018年下半年，国家卫生健康委员会同教育部、民政部组织开展了2018年全国儿童青少年近视调查工作。2019年4月29日，国家卫生健康委员会举办新闻发布会，介绍2018年儿童青少年近视调查结果。调查结果显示，2018年全国儿童青少年总体近视率为53.6%。其中6岁儿童为14.5%，小学生为36.0%，初中生为71.6%，高中生为81.0%。近年来，党中央、国务院高度重视儿童青少年近视防控工作，近视防控已成为国家战略。2016年至2019年，连续4年将全国“爱眼日”的主题聚焦在儿童青少年的近视防控。为做好近视的防治工作，2018年6月5日，国家卫生健康委员会召开专题新闻发布会，介绍儿童青少年科学防控近视情况，同时发布了《近视防治指南》《弱视诊治指南》和《斜视诊治指南》三部指南。2018年8月28日，习近平总书记再次就儿童青少年近视问题作出重要指示，强调全社会都要行动起来，共同呵护好孩子的眼睛，让他们拥有一个光明的未来。为贯彻落实习近平总书记关于近视问题的重要指示批示精神，切实加强新时代儿童青少年近视防控工作，2018年8月30日，教育部会同国家卫生健康委员会、体育总局、财政部、人力资源社会保障部、市场监督管理总局、国家新闻出版署、广播电视总局八部门制定了《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》（以下简称《实施方案》）。《实施方案》不仅明确了家庭、学校、医疗卫生机构、学生、政府相关部门应采取的防控措施，还明确了八个部门防控近视的职责和任务。2019年10月，国家卫生健康委员会疾控局组织制定并印发了《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南》，指导科学规范开展防控工作，提高防控技术能力。全国防盲技术指导组组织编写的《儿童青少年近视防治科普100问》，对近视防治中的疑问和误区，给出了科学解释。目前，在全社会已营造了儿童青少年近视防控“政府主导、部门配合、专家指导、学校教育、家庭关注”的良好氛围。

With the great attention of the party and the government, the ophthalmology medical and health undertakings have developed rapidly through various joint efforts. The results of two epidemiological surveys of blindness and visual impairment in nine provinces and cities in 2006 and 2014 showed that the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment in China decreased by 37.8% and 15.4% respectively according to the assessment of daily life vision. According to the best corrected vision, it decreased by 37.6% and 27.2%. It is estimated that only among people over 50 years old, the number of blind people in China has decreased by more than 700 thousand, and the number of patients with severe visual impairment has decreased by more than 500 thousand.

At present, the biggest challenge for eye health is the increasing population and aging.

With the promotion of national defense blindness, the improvement of national economic level, the change of people’s lifestyle and the change of population structure in China, the spectrum of blinding eye diseases has changed greatly. The main blinding eye diseases have changed from infectious eye diseases of trachoma in the past to metabolic and age-related non-infectious eye diseases, mainly cataract, keratopathy, retinal diseases, ametropia, glaucoma and amblyopia. The biggest challenge facing China’s eye health at present is the increase of population, especially the increasing aging. By 2019, China’s population over 60 years old has reached 253.88 million, accounting for 18.1% of the country’s total population, and the elderly population is still increasing. The increase in the number of elderly people means that the number of patients with age-related eye diseases is increasing, including ametropia and cataract, which are the main burden of eye diseases in China. In addition, the common blinding eye diseases, including glaucoma, macular degeneration and other fundus diseases, are also age-related eye diseases, and the prevalence rate in the elderly population is much higher than that in young people. These are still the challenges faced by eye health work in China and the focus of eye health work in the future.

除了推动我国自身眼健康事业的发展，我国在防盲与眼健康领域加强国际交流与合作，践行我国全球卫生战略。全国防盲技术指导组整合全国防盲资源，启动的集流行病学调查、专业培训、医疗和健康教育为一体的“光明行”项目中，除了我国老少边困及高原地区的4万余名白内障患者受益，该项目还从2008年开始，跨出国门，在亚太地区的朝鲜、柬埔寨、蒙古国、老挝、越南、孟加拉国、巴基斯坦等国家及地区开展公益活动。2010年“光明行”走入非洲，在津巴布韦、马拉维、赞比亚和莫桑比克等开展白内障复明活动。2015年12月习近平主席在中非合作论坛约翰内斯堡峰会开幕式上致辞时将“中非公共卫生合作计划”作为未来三年同非方重点实施的“十大合作计划”之一予以提出。2015年国家卫生健康委出台的《推进“一带一路”卫生交流合作三年实施方案（2015-2017）》中也明确将开展“光明行”眼科义诊活动列为卫生发展援助的重要内容之一。至今，中国已在40多个国家开展“光明行”活动，其中十多个国家是多次活动，帮助数万名白内障患者重见光明。

"Guangmingxing" not only provides free cataract surgery for local people, but also donates advanced ophthalmic surgery equipment and instruments and medicines. It also provides students with vision screening, donates glasses, and carries out complicated fundus diseases and glaucoma surgery. Academic lectures and clinical teaching have been held in the local area, and an "Ophthalmology Cooperation Center" has been established with relevant countries to conduct long-distance consultation on eye diseases by using the Internet and expand various forms of technical exchanges and cooperation. At the same time, we should pay attention to personnel training and organize local doctors to go to China for training. China’s internationalization of public welfare for the prevention of blindness has brought light to the people of the aided countries, fully demonstrated China’s actions and contributions in building a community of human destiny and countries along the Belt and Road, and also became an important force in China’s diplomacy, further promoted international exchanges and cooperation in health, and enhanced China’s voice and influence in regional and global multilateral health governance mechanisms.

With the change of lifestyle, social development and aging population, the spectrum of ophthalmic diseases in China has undergone major changes. According to the National Health China 2030 Program, we should integrate eye health into general health, formulate our eye health plan, and formulate the 14 th and 15 th eye health plan according to our national conditions. Change the unbalanced regional allocation of ophthalmic resources in China, promote balanced development, shift the treatment of blinding eye diseases to disease prevention and control, pay special attention to the sinking of major blinding eye disease prevention and control technologies, strengthen the construction of primary ophthalmology and ophthalmology teams, and continue to improve the construction of China’s three-level blindness prevention system. It is necessary to continue to promote the training and promotion of appropriate technologies that can prevent and control blinding eye diseases, and move the gateway forward to reduce the incidence and increase the control effect. When the technology is mature, we should promote the screening of eye diseases based on artificial intelligence technology to achieve early detection and early treatment of blinding eye diseases, and try our best to bring the screening of common blinding eye diseases into the chronic disease management system under the premise of China’s economic conditions.

Myopia of children and adolescents has become the main cause of vision damage in China.

Myopia of children and adolescents has become the main cause of vision damage in China. We should resolutely implement the national implementation plan on myopia prevention and control to achieve the goal of myopia prevention and control of children and adolescents in China. For the evaluation of cataract surgery, we should not only consider the quantity, but also evaluate the quality, pay attention to the important index of cataract surgery coverage, formulate the prevention and control index of cataract surgery according to the national conditions, and moderately relax the indications according to the level of social and economic development. In addition, in terms of commonly used ophthalmic equipment and technology, we should vigorously promote localization and completely change the current situation of relying heavily on imported equipment and technology. Breakthroughs have been made in common technology and neck sticking technology. Through scientific popularization, we will enhance people’s understanding of the basic knowledge of eye disease prevention and control, improve the awareness rate, enhance people’s awareness of blinding eye disease prevention and control, and incorporate popular science work into the national eye health plan and the national health science popularization plan. Due to the extension of life expectancy, the increase of the total population, the acceleration of the aging process of the population, and the continuous improvement of people’s demand for eye health, the prevention and treatment of eye diseases in China is still an arduous task, and the primary eye care work still needs to be strengthened, and the concept of healthy living of like eyes needs to be further strengthened.

date Shareholding amount Share of outstanding shares (%) Daily net purchase amount (RMB) Daily net trading volume (shares) Cumulative shareholding cost (yuan) 2024-3-18 1.14 million 3.90 4.023 million 112,000 28.46 2024-3-15 1.0279 million 3.52 114,900 3277 27.64 2024-3-14 1.0247 million 3.51 2.0247 million 57,000 27.62 2024-3-13 967,600 3.31 -5.3569 million -148,400 27.16 2024-3-12 1.1161 million 3.82 -2,014,900 -56,700 28.34 2024-3-11 1.1728 million 4.01 1.5913 million 45,100 28.69 2024-3-8 1,127,700 3.86 -4.5105 million -127,700 28.43 2024-3-7 1.2553 million 4.30 4.6507 million 129,300 29.13 2024-3-6 1,126,100 3.85 -10.721 million -285,800 yuan 28.34 2024-3-5 1.4119 million 4.83 -33.4948 million -878,200 30.20