Investigation on the trend of renaming colleges and universities At least 65 colleges and universities have removed the word ＂occupation＂

　　It seems that another wave of renaming colleges and universities is coming to the fore.

　　On January 20th, the official website of the Ministry of Education published the Public Notice of the Development Planning Department on the inclusion of 2017 application settings in experts’ inspection of colleges and universities, and 46 colleges and universities were selected in the list, including 21 newly established undergraduate schools, 16 renamed universities, 6 transformed independent colleges into independent private undergraduate schools and 3 renamed schools at the same level.

　　Remarkably, among the 21 "newly established undergraduate schools", there are 16 schools whose "school foundation" (that is, the existing school name before the proposed change — — Reporter’s note) "includes the words" occupation "or" vocational technology ",and its" name of the school to be applied for (that is, the name of the new school to be changed — — Reporter’s note), erase "occupation" or "professional technology".

　　The name of a university is the signboard of the school, the "business card" of the school, and one of the most important carriers of its historical tradition, cultural concept, spiritual temperament and brand image. According to the current "Interim Provisions on the Establishment of Ordinary Undergraduate Schools", colleges and universities implement the system of one name per school. In order to have a more favorite "name", some colleges and universities seem to have decided not to "change their names, sit and change their surnames".

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter collected the news of the renaming of colleges and universities in the past 10 years, trying to find the law.

　　Four trends of renaming colleges and universities

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter inquired about the renaming information of relevant universities and found that during the wave of university merger at the end of last century, most of the school names were "eat small fish the Big Fish", and some of them introduced brand-new school names. After entering the new century, there are several main trends in the renaming of colleges and universities in China:

　　First, the area to be involved is getting bigger and bigger. A typical case is that in 1978, Luzhou Medical College was renamed as Luzhou Medical College. In 2015, it was renamed as Sichuan Medical University, and at the end of the same year, it was renamed as Southwest Medical University again.

　　The second is to change the nature and category of schools. Realize the junior college — — College — — With the change of universities, it seems that the "running level" is becoming more and more "high-end", which is the most common situation.

　　Third, the words used to define the types of disciplines are becoming more and more fashionable and comprehensive. For example, replace finance and taxation with finance, electromechanical with engineering school, railway with transportation, geology with engineering, steel with science and technology, geology with engineering, etc.

　　Fourth, take off the "professional" hat. Remove the word "occupation" or "vocational technology" from the name of the school. According to the public information, China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter found that at least 65 colleges and universities have completed the renaming in the fourth case mentioned above, and this data does not include the 16 newly publicized ones that are likely to eventually complete the renaming.

　　According to the information held by China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter, as early as March 2005, there was a school testing the water "the name of the school went to ‘ Occupation ’ Change. " At that time, a private university in northwest China reduced its name from eight words to six words, and the two words removed were "occupation". In May of that year, another private university in the same city successfully completed the same choice.

　　Their choices at that time seemed "avant-garde" and "visionary". At that time, vocational education was in the ascendant, and many schools added the words "occupation" or "vocational technology" to their school names.

　　For example, in 2008, the Ministry of Education issued a letter [2008] No.165 agreeing to put nine higher vocational and technical schools on record. In four of them, the words "occupation" or "vocational technology" were not included in the original school names, but were added in the new school names; The other five newly-built schools have the word "occupation" in their names.

　　However, on the whole, among the schools that have been shortlisted for higher education, "the name of the school goes to ‘ Occupation ’ The trend of "subtraction" is more common, and many schools are keen on "subtraction" in this way.

　　In 2008, the first wave of climax hit. In that year, at least 12 colleges and universities removed the words "occupation" or "vocational technology" from their names. After renaming, these colleges and universities were all promoted to private undergraduate courses. One of them was listed in the "renaming at the same level" list released by the Ministry of Education a few days ago. In other words, the school is committed to renaming again.

　　Since then, in 2010, a public university has changed its name from "occupation" to "college".

　　In 2011, the second wave of climax was ushered in. In that year, 18 schools "scratched out" the words "occupation" or "vocational technology" in their school names. As in the above situation, these schools are all private colleges and universities at the undergraduate level after renaming.

　　In 2012, another school successfully followed suit.

　　In 2014, the third wave and the biggest one so far appeared. In that year, 24 schools "took off" the "hat" of "occupation" or "vocational technology" in their school names. Like the previous times, 24 schools are private colleges and universities at the undergraduate level after renaming.

　　In 2015, two universities in South China achieved the same goal; In the same year, a public vocational and technical college was upgraded to an ordinary undergraduate college and renamed a special education normal college, and the word "occupation" was also removed.

　　Since then, not many colleges and universities have successfully walked out of this road: in 2016, a university in North China erased the word "professional technology" in its name; In 2017, a public vocational college was upgraded to undergraduate level, and the word "occupation" in the school name was removed.

　　If more than 10 schools in the latest list published by the Ministry of Education can get their wishes, it will be that there will be more than 10 colleges and universities with the name "Go ‘ Occupation ’ "The fourth year.

　　The reporter found that not all colleges and universities will choose to "do ‘ Occupation ’ Subtraction ". For example, in 2009, two higher vocational schools were renamed at the same level; In 2010, 12 higher vocational schools were renamed at the same level; In 2011, two higher vocational schools merged and 14 higher vocational schools were renamed at the same level. When they changed their names, they all kept the original words "occupation" or "vocational technology".

　　During this period, there have also been cases where the word "occupation" has been added to the name of a university, but this practice is extremely rare. The reporter only inquired about a case in which Tianjin Teachers College of Engineering was renamed Tianjin Vocational and Technical Normal University — — Of course, "secondary schools" such as secondary schools and secondary vocational schools are changed to "colleges" or "colleges" that belong to the category of higher education. They were not universities before they were renamed.

　　Generally speaking, there are not a few colleges and universities that have removed the word "occupation" from their school names, which has become a new phenomenon worthy of attention. In the minds of some schools, this is no doubt the same as "water flows downwards and people go upwards".

　　In addition to obtaining the consent of official documents and renaming, there are also universities (public or private — — Editor’s note) is doing something that leads to the same goal in secret: the name of the school used in external publicity, intentionally or unintentionally "ignores" the words "occupation" or "professional technology".

　　The name of the school determines the level?

　　Why do colleges and universities frequently choose to remove the word "occupation" when renaming? China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter noticed that the school name is not just a name, and every word in it may bring different social evaluations to the school.

　　It seems that the name of the school is "very particular", and the use of different words will often be labeled as meaningful by some people.

　　For example, the names of ordinary undergraduate schools are divided into "colleges" and "universities". According to the current rules, a college should have more than 5,000 full-time students. A university should have more than 8,000 full-time students, and the number of graduate students should not be less than 5% of the total number of full-time students.

　　In terms of disciplines and majors, a college should have more than one discipline as the main discipline in humanities (philosophy, literature, history), social sciences (economics, law, education), science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, management and other disciplines; As a university, it should have more than three disciplines as the main disciplines.

　　In terms of teaching staff, there are no less than 280 full-time teachers in the early days of the school. The proportion of full-time teachers with graduate degrees in the total number of full-time teachers should not be less than 30%, and the number of full-time teachers with deputy senior professional and technical positions should generally not be less than 30% of the total number of full-time teachers, including full-time teachers with full professor positions should not be less than 10. The proportion of full-time teachers with postgraduate degrees in universities should generally reach more than 50%, and the proportion of full-time teachers with doctoral degrees in the total number of full-time teachers should generally reach more than 20%; The number of full-time teachers with senior professional and technical positions should generally be no less than 400, of which the number of full-time teachers with full professor positions should generally be no less than 100.

　　In addition, in terms of teaching and scientific research level, it is called a university, and the requirements are relatively higher.

　　However, should the words "occupation" or "vocational technology" be removed when being promoted to an undergraduate college? The reporter did not inquire about the regulations in this regard. In the current "Standards for the Establishment of Higher Vocational Schools (Provisional)", there is no such content at all.

　　There is no doubt that some people in society may have some prejudice against schools with the word "occupation". However, under the background of more and more attention to vocational education, which has set a high employment rate and reputation, is it really as important as imagined that a college has a "career" name?

　　Perhaps the answer is floating in the wind.