The blockchain landing scene has quietly surfaced, how will it affect daily life？
Xinhua News Agency, Shenzhen, December 11th Question: The blockchain landing scene has quietly surfaced, how will it affect daily life?
Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Wang Yang, Chen Yuxuan and Zhu Han
Recently, a change has taken place in the writing habit of online writer Chen Hongyan: every time she completes the creation of a part of the manuscript, in addition to saving the contents of the work, she will upload the manuscript information to an invisible and intangible data link, adding a "lock" to her intangible property rights. The technical platform of this "judicial blockchain" was built by Hangzhou Internet Court.
A survey by Xinhua Viewpoint reporter found that the blockchain technology, which was "often talked about but never understood" by the public, has quietly landed in scenes such as judicial deposit, government management, people’s livelihood services, food traceability and supply chain management. At the same time, bottleneck problems such as difficulty in data interconnection and coordination are also highlighted in popularization and application.
Writing, online shopping and invoicing … … Blockchain technology is entering daily life.
The characteristics of "openness and transparency", "non-tampering" and "non-deletion" make blockchain technology show broad application space in the fields of judicial deposit and commodity traceability.
"As long as the manuscript is uploaded, the system will automatically generate a set of data: this password value, which is only 3KB in size and is called hash value, is the only electronic identity of the manuscript. With this electronic identity, my work has a certificate recognized by the court, so I am not afraid of infringement disputes. " Chen Hongyu said.
Mr. Huang, a citizen of Hangzhou, recently bought a can of imported milk powder. After receiving the goods, he found a small QR code on the milk powder can. When he swept the mobile phone, he saw all the logistics information of this can of milk powder from Australia to Hangzhou. It is understood that during the "Double Eleven" period this year, through blockchain technology, Tmall platform has nearly 400 million Haitao products from more than 100 countries around the world, and has such an "ID card".
Recently, the reporter drove to the parking lot of Shenzhen Baoan Sports Center to experience the process of issuing blockchain electronic invoices: scanning the QR code of the site, inputting the license plate and paying the parking fee by mobile phone, and the WeChat WeChat official account of the parking system automatically pushed the entrance of "Invoice Application Notice". The reporter clicks enter, enters the invoice header and tax number, and issues an electronic invoice with one click. The whole process of payment and invoicing takes no more than 2 minutes.
It is understood that at present, blockchain electronic invoices have been applied in some banks, supermarkets, subways, taxis and airport buses in Shenzhen, involving more than 7,600 enterprises, with the number of invoices exceeding 10 million and the amount of invoices exceeding 7 billion yuan.
According to Tencent, Tencent Cloud blockchain open platform has been applied in several scenarios in the past two years, including direct insurance compensation, fund settlement, electronic bills, supply chain finance, smart medical care and charity.
According to the "2018-2019 China Blockchain Development Annual Report" issued by China Blockchain Ecological Alliance, blockchain technology is the most active in the financial field, and a number of new products have been formed in cross-border payment, asset management and supply chain finance. It has achieved phased results in the fields of electronic deposit and charity; It has begun to explore in the fields of medical service, government management, transportation and logistics, but the products are not mature enough.
In some fields, the "winding" effect is obvious, and some "pseudo-applications" can not be ignored.
The reporter’s investigation found that in the financial and fiscal fields, the application of blockchain technology is conducive to reducing calculation costs and enhancing asset credibility.
Taking electronic invoices as an example, Guo Jingli, the chairman of Shengshi Foundation, which is responsible for the management and operation of the parking lot of Baoan Sports Center, said that many parking lots in Baoan Sports Center need about 100,000 invoices every month, and financial personnel have to manually count, distribute and keep accounts, which is a huge workload and easy to make mistakes. Now, the workload is greatly reduced and the labor cost is reduced. "More importantly, blockchain electronic invoices integrate our business data ‘ Winding ’ , become a digital asset — — When we discuss operational cooperation, electronic invoice records are proof of operational strength. "
Cui Yan, a staff member of the Collection and Management and Science and Technology Development Department of Shenzhen Taxation Bureau, said that the blockchain electronic invoice has realized the whole process of invoice issuance, circulation, reimbursement and declaration, ensuring that the whole cycle of the invoice can be checked, verified and traceable in the chain, which has solved the problems of one vote over-reporting, false reporting and false arrival, and it is difficult to verify the true and false in the process of invoice circulation.
In addition to the financial field, at present, the application of blockchain in the field of electronic deposit and certification in China has developed rapidly, and the application effect in many related industries is obvious. Wang Jiangqiao, executive vice president of Hangzhou Internet Court, said: "For example, the two parties have signed a sales contract. Because the data such as the signing process and the implementation of the contract are all stored in the chain, and there are many nodes in the judicial blockchain to witness, after one party initiates the case, we can import it into the Internet court through the platform, and the fact of breach of contract can be clearly identified."
According to the data of Hangzhou Internet Court, due to the fact that the judicial blockchain platform is clearer and simpler, the mediation withdrawal rate of intellectual property dispute cases exceeds 90%.
The reporter’s investigation found that there are also some "pseudo-applications" in the process of blockchain application promotion. For example, some so-called applications based on blockchain technology, such as "blockchain chicken raising" and "blockchain cultural relics identification", are only stored on the server of their own company, and they are not synchronized to the upstream and downstream, and can be tampered with at any time, which does not solve the trust problem.
Data interconnection is difficult, and large-scale application needs further technical breakthrough.
The reporter’s investigation found that because blockchain technology involves multi-party entity data interconnection, it is difficult to build and coordinate the blockchain platform because it needs to coordinate multi-party institutions for application landing and promotion.
"At present, Internet courts in Hangzhou, Beijing and Guangzhou have launched blockchain applications, but there are problems that platforms are difficult to be compatible and cases are difficult to promote." A legal system practitioner said that at present, some blockchain platforms are linked by associations and industries, and the coverage of applications is relatively limited, which is only equivalent to "local area network" and not "Internet"; The blockchain technical standards provided by different enterprises are not the same, and there are difficulties in cross-chain connection.
The Shenzhen tax department also said that the local blockchain electronic invoice and other electronic invoices in different places have not been mutually recognized and interoperated.
In addition, to support large-scale applications, the core technology of blockchain needs further improvement and breakthrough. Cai Liang, executive deputy director of the Blockchain Research Center of Zhejiang University, said that taking performance as an example, the number of transactions per second in general application scenarios of blockchain has reached tens of thousands, but the current technical level is still difficult to support large-scale and wide-ranging applications. "It is very important to break through the bottlenecks of supporting large-scale networking of various networks and collaborative technology of software and hardware."
Li Ming, director of the blockchain research office of the Institute of Electronics Industry Standardization of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said that at present, blockchain applications are still in the early, niche and trial operation stages, and there has not been a "killer" large-scale application. However, all industries are actively exploring and trying. With the landing of 5G technology, the increase of market data and the improvement of technical problems, more application cases are expected to appear in the future. (Participating in writing: Wu Shuaishuai)