Review of Hot Spots of Special Food Industry in China in 2023

In 2023, China’s special food industry showed a good development trend, new functions of health food were released, and the policy "combination boxing" dividend continued; The number of special medical foods approved has reached a new high, and favorable policies such as tariff reduction have met the needs of special people; Measures for the registration and management of infant formula milk powder were issued to encourage R&D and innovation in the industry; New regulations have been issued for standard management, and the standard governance system has been improved day by day … Recently, Xinhuanet and China Nutrition and Health Food Association launched "Review of Hot Spots of Special Food Industry in China in 2023", which reflects the development of this year’s industry from many angles.

Hot spot 1. The new functions of health food are released, and the policy "combination boxing" bonus continues.

On August 28th, the General Administration of Market Supervision issued the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Technical Evaluation of New Functions and Products of Health Food (for Trial Implementation), which will be implemented as of the date of promulgation. The detailed rules are an important measure to reform the previous management mode of functional claim evaluation of health food in China, lead industrial innovation with institutional innovation, bring new opportunities for new product development of enterprises, and accelerate the pace of overall innovation of the industry. On August 31, the General Administration of Market Supervision, the State Health and Wellness Commission and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine issued the announcement of the Catalogue of Non-nutrient Supplements for Health Care Functions (2023 Edition) and its supporting documents. The announcement will further standardize the management of health function claims, implement the main responsibility of enterprise health function claims and R&D evaluation, and realize the scientific and dynamic management of health function catalogue.

On June 14th, the General Administration of Market Supervision, the State Health and Wellness Commission and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine issued Nutrition Supplement for Health Food Raw Materials Catalogue (2023 Edition), Nutrition Supplement for Health Food Functional Catalogue (2023 Edition), Soy Protein Isolate for Health Food Raw Materials Catalogue and Whey Protein for Health Food Raw Materials Catalogue, which will take effect on October 1st, 2023. The further expansion of raw material catalogue and functional catalogue provides more choices for enterprises to carry out product filing. The matching interpretation document of soybean protein isolate and whey protein in the raw material catalogue makes it clear that soybean protein isolate and whey protein can be used as raw materials alone, or they can be used in combination, or they can be used in combination with nutrients listed in the raw material catalogue of nutritional supplements for health food. The expansion of the health food filing catalogue and the first permission for compounding mean that the filing products will be more abundant.

On December 22nd, the General Administration of Market Supervision issued "Guidelines for Labeling Standards of Health Food". The contents of health food labeling framework, graphic proportion, printing color requirements, etc. were clarified to guide health food producers and operators to further standardize the labeling of health food labels, correctly guide consumption, and create a fair and orderly market order.

Hot spot 2. The number of approved special medical foods has reached a new high, and favorable policies such as tariff reduction have met the needs of special people.

As of December 31st, a total of 70 special medical foods were approved in China, including 2 imported products and 68 domestic products, and the number of approved foods reached a record high. Since the implementation of the registration management of special medical foods on July 1, 2016, the state has approved 164 products, including 48 infant formulas, 53 total nutrition formulas, 62 non-total nutrition formulas and 1 specific total nutrition formula.

On December 3, the General Administration of Market Supervision revised and promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Registration of Formulated Foods for Special Medical Use, which will take effect on January 1, 2024. In addition to continuing to emphasize the safety supervision of special medical foods, the measures also explicitly encourage R&D and innovation to meet clinical needs, and give priority to the review of special medical foods such as rare disease categories, clinically urgently needed and unapproved new categories. This method will further improve the research and development efficiency of enterprises and promote the listing of new products such as rare diseases and clinical urgent needs.

During the year, Shandong Province and Guizhou Province successively promulgated the management measures for medical institutions to operate and use special medical food. According to statistics, since Tianjin issued the application guidelines for medical institutions to use special medical food prescriptions in May 2016, 13 provincial and 6 municipal administrative departments have successively issued management measures for the operation and use of special medical food, including Tianjin, Hebei, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Hainan, Sichuan, Guizhou and other provinces and cities, as well as Nanjing, Jinan, Xuzhou and Taizhou.

On December 20th, the State Council Customs Tariff Commission issued the Announcement on Tariff Adjustment Scheme in 2024, which will be implemented on January 1st, 2024. Among them, the import tariff of special medical food was adjusted to zero, the import tariff of infant formula milk powder was reduced to 5%, the import tariff of fish oil soft capsules was reduced to 6%, and the import tariff of other infant foods was reduced to 2%. This will help to increase the supply of imported products and meet the needs of special people in China for such products.

Hot spot three, the measures for the registration and management of infant formula milk powder were released to encourage industry research and development innovation.

On July 10th, the General Administration of Market Supervision revised and issued the Measures for the Administration of Formula Registration of Infant Formula Milk Powder Products, which will take effect on October 1st, 2023. The new version of the registration management measures implements the "four strictest" requirements, further tightens the requirements for product formula registration in combination with industry development and registration management practice, ensures product quality and safety, encourages enterprises to develop and innovate, and continuously improves the quality of infant formula milk powder. The measures stipulate the application and registration procedures, labels and instructions, supervision and management, legal responsibilities and other aspects for enterprises planning to produce, sell and import infant formula milk powder in China.

Infant formula milk powder is a special food related to the happiness of hundreds of millions of families and the future of the country and the nation. According to statistics, by the end of 2023, about 134 new national standard formula products were sold and circulated in China. The introduction of the measures will help enterprises to intensify R&D and innovation, improve the quality of infant formula milk powder, further improve the formula registration management of infant formula milk powder, ensure the safety of infant "rations" and help the high-quality development of the industry.

Hot spot 4: 74 kinds of "three new foods" such as breast milk oligosaccharides were approved, and 9 kinds of substances such as codonopsis pilosula were included in the list of food and drug substances, providing more raw material choices for enterprise production.

In 2023, the National Health and Wellness Commission approved 74 kinds of "three new foods". The most concerned is the Announcement on 15 "Three New Foods" such as Peach Gum, which officially approved 2′- fucosyl lactose and lactose -N- neotetraose in breast milk oligosaccharides as food nutrition fortifiers, which can be applied to infant formula food, prepared milk powder (for children) and infant formula food for special medical purposes.

On November 17th, the National Health and Wellness Commission and the General Administration of Market Supervision jointly issued the "Announcement on 9 new substances that are both traditional Chinese medicines and food", which included 9 substances such as Codonopsis pilosula, Cistanche deserticola (desert), Dendrobium candidum, American ginseng, Astragalus membranaceus, Ganoderma lucidum, Cornus officinalis, Gastrodia elata and Eucommia ulmoides leaves in the list of substances that are both traditional Chinese medicines and food. The inclusion of nine substances in the catalogue is the first addition since the implementation of the "Regulations on the Catalogue of Substances that are Traditionally Food and Chinese Herbal Medicine" in 2021, which is of great significance for enriching food sources and promoting the development of health industry.

On November 26th, the National Health and Wellness Commission and the General Administration of Market Supervision jointly issued the Announcement on the Management of Amino Acids in foods for special dietary uses. It is clear that more than 20 kinds of amino acids in national food safety standards such as infant formula food, infant formula food for special medical use and sports nutrition food are managed as food nutrition fortifiers. The announcement will further standardize the use and management of amino acids in foods for special dietary uses, promote the high-quality development of related food industries in China, and especially promote the research and development of special medical foods for rare diseases with amino acids as protein sources, so as to better meet the needs of patients.

Hot spot 5. New regulations on standard management are introduced, and the standard governance system is improving day by day.

On August 18th, the National Standardization Administration Committee issued the Interim Provisions on the Standards of Recommended National Standards Adoption Groups, which will come into force as of the date of promulgation. This regulation has established a channel for advanced applicable group standards to be transformed into national standards, which will effectively promote the popularization and application of innovation achievements of group standards, increase the supply of recommended national standards, and improve the quality level of national standards.

On August 31st, the General Administration of Market Supervision promulgated the Measures for Promoting Enterprise Standardization, which will take effect on January 1st, 2024. This method will create a better environment for enterprise standardization and stimulate the endogenous motivation of enterprise standardization.

On November 28th, the General Administration of Market Supervision revised and promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Industry Standards, which will take effect on June 1st, 2024. This method focuses on the transformation of government functions, promotes standardization reform and innovation, strengthens the coordination of standards, provides normative support for breaking industry monopoly and market restrictions, and leads and supports the process of building a unified national market with standardization work.

On November 29th, the National Health and Wellness Commission promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Food Safety Standards, which will take effect on December 1st, 2023. This method is a revision of the 2010 version of the document, which clarifies for the first time that food safety standards include national food safety standards and local food safety standards, and also clarifies job responsibilities, management of national standards, and filing of local standards.

Hot spot six, promoting development with scientific research and innovation as the engine, the special food industry has achieved fruitful results.

In 2023, China special food industry promoted industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation, and achieved fruitful results. A bibliometric analysis article published in Precision Nutrition in September, 2023, through the research and analysis of 24,582 newly published nutrition-related papers in the world in the last year, the results show that China ranks second in both the number of papers and the cited frequency, and among the 10 most influential scholars, Professor Shi Hanping from Beijing Millennium Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University ranks second.

Tomson Bianjian successfully submitted an application for a new function of health food "helping to maintain normal platelet aggregation function". The application was aimed at the clinical verification of the impact of blood flow health in China population and related mechanism research, and the research results were published in Journal of Functional Foods and Frontiers in Nutrition. Yili Group accurately determined the amino acid composition of breast milk in China for the first time, and the result was published in The Journal of Nutrition, which will contribute to the further research and innovation of infant formula milk powder in China. Mead Johnson China released the research result that the infant formula rich in milk fat globules and lactoferrin before the age of 12 months improved the neurodevelopmental outcome at the age of 5.5 years. The study adopted a double-blind randomized controlled clinical method, and the result was published in The Journal of Pediatrics.

Danone launched the AI golden poop decoder in China. The research lasted for three years. Through the decoder applet, professional advice on intestinal self-protection can be given only by taking photos and AI neural network identification. The breast milk oligosaccharides developed by Mengniu Dairy, DSM-Fenmeiyi and International Flavors and Fragrances Company have passed the approval of the National Health and Wellness Commission, among which all three companies have obtained the approval of 2′- fucosyl lactose, and DSM-Fenmeiyi has also obtained the approval of lactose -N- neotetrasaccharide.

Hot spot 7. Special food enterprises actively act to promote the high-quality development of the industry.

In terms of improving the toughness of the industrial chain supply chain, Feihe built the first automatic production line of lactoferrin in the industry and obtained the production license, realizing the extraction, protection and localization of lactoferrin. The demonstration line of industrial production of probiotics, a national key research and development plan jointly undertaken by Aoyou Dairy and Jiangnan University, was officially put into production, which has important demonstration significance for the layout of the whole industrial chain of probiotics in China.

In the practice of social responsibility, Amway Company released the annual sustainable development report, released the carbon neutrality roadmap, and promised to achieve carbon neutrality in 2038. Eight protein powder products were announced to achieve carbon neutrality in the whole line, and obtained the certification of zero-carbon protein powder products in China, contributing to sustainable development. Chen Yusong, the founder and honorary chairman of Zhenao Shuangdi, and Gu Runjin, the chairman of Perfect (China), were awarded the honorary title of "Healthy China 2022 Industry Person of the Year" by the Organizing Committee of Healthy China, which is an affirmation of the contribution of Chinese health food entrepreneurs.

The eighth and second special food industry events were held in Jinan and Wenzhou respectively.

China Nutrition and Health Food Association held the 7th and 8th China Special Food Congress from March 22nd to 25th and November 15th to 17th respectively. The two conferences held 42 events, including 19 academicians, 12 ministerial leaders, more than 100 heads of relevant departments such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Health and Wellness Commission and the General Administration of Market Supervision, more than 300 industry experts and more than 200 industry business leaders. More than 4,600 representatives attended the two conferences respectively.

China Special Food Conference is an important platform for industry policy interpretation, information exchange, industry interaction, international cooperation, trend research and results release, and an important annual activity of special food industry. At the two conferences, relevant government departments publicized policies and regulations in the fields of health food, special medical food and infant formula milk powder. Academicians and experts conducted in-depth discussions on the latest research results, technological breakthroughs and innovation trends, and business leaders fully exchanged views on industrial development. The conference released seven achievements, such as Expert Suggestions on Individualized Nutrition Development and Dictionary of Special Foods in China, initiated three studies, such as Quality Management Standards for Clinical Trials of Food Nutrition (Group Standard) and Scientific Feeding Guidance for Infants in China, signed six cooperation framework agreements, and held four government-enterprise cooperation docking activities, which effectively promoted the development of special food industry in Jinan and Wenzhou. The successful holding of the China Special Food Conference has established confidence in development, stimulated the vitality of innovation and creation, and promoted the healthy, standardized and sustainable development of the special food industry.

Hot spot 9. The new national standard of infant formula milk powder was implemented, and the market transition was stable. The work "For Children", the evaluation and registration work of infant formula milk powder, was commended by the Working Committee of the State Central Organ.

The new national standard for infant formula milk powder was officially implemented in February this year. According to the regulations, only products registered by the new national standard formula can be imported or produced and sold in China. The implementation of the new national standard will force the market competition to turn to quality competition and promote the industry to develop to high quality.

The evaluation and registration of infant formula milk powder in China was carried out in strict accordance with national standards, which ensured the supply of infant rations. In the alternation of old and new standards, a set of standardized procedures for evaluation and registration of infant formula milk powder in line with China’s national conditions was explored, which met the market demand while strictly controlling the quality.

Focusing on the registration, acceptance, review and verification of infant formula milk powder, the work "For Children" filmed by the Food Review Center of the General Administration of Market Supervision was selected as the activity of "Starting from Me–the Tour of Spiritual Civilization Construction of Central and State Organs" and won the "Hundred Excellent Works" award. In 2023, it coincides with the 30th anniversary of the establishment of the Food Review Center. In the past 30 years, the Center has been committed to promoting the high-quality development of food review, continuously improving the ability and level of food safety technical support and food safety supervision, and helping the healthy development of the special food industry.

Analysis of global development course and driving factors of synthetic biology

Analysis of global development course and driving factors of synthetic biology

The development of synthetic biology is based on the development of biotechnology related to "gene"

"Construction" around the gene level: Many people think that synthetic biology is "total synthetic life" in a narrow sense, that is, a cell or virus with vitality is synthesized from scratch by chemical synthesis. In fact, synthetic biology mostly uses existing or modified gene modules to assemble and build a life system that is not found in nature by engineering means. soThe core of synthetic biology focuses on the gene level..

Gene-related technological progress is the basis of promoting synthetic biology. In 1950s, with the discovery of DNA double helix structure, the deciphering of genetic code, the discovery of restriction endonuclease and the invention of PCR technology, a series of important achievements in molecular biology gave birth to genetic engineering technology. German scholar Hobom said"Genetic surgery is opening the door to synthetic biology". Synthetic biology has a great demand for the synthesis, assembly and editing of genetic materials such as DNA, so genome editing technology has been widely used in synthetic biology and accelerated its development. DNA synthesis technology is a necessary tool for human beings to explore the mysteries of life. Large-scale genomic DNA design and synthesis give us the ability to transform cell functions and even create artificial life.

Synthetic biology technology has developed to the fourth stage, and its technology and application have been comprehensively improved.

The technological development of synthetic biology has gone through four stages.

The first stage (before 2005)Represented by the application of gene lines in metabolic engineering, the typical achievement of this period is the synthesis of artemisinin precursors in Escherichia coli.

The second stage (2005-2011)With the rapid development of basic research, the number of patent applications in the year has not increased significantly compared with before. On the whole, the research and development of synthetic biology is in the stage of deepening the engineering concept, attaching importance to the enabling technology platform and accumulating engineering methods and tools, which reflects the early development characteristics of "engineering biology".

The third stage (2011-2015)The efficiency of genome editing has been greatly improved, and the development and application of synthetic biology technology have been continuously expanded. Its application fields have expanded from bio-based chemicals and bioenergy to disease diagnosis, drug and vaccine development, crop breeding, environmental monitoring and many other fields.

The fourth stage (after 2015)The cycle of "design-construction-testing" in synthetic biology has been extended to "design-construction-testing-learning", and ideas or disciplines such as "semiconductor synthetic biology" and "engineering biology" have been put forward, and the characteristics of the integrated development of biotechnology and information technology have become more and more obvious.

Synthetic biology enters the fast lane of industrial development

Since the 21st century, the engineering development of gene lines has started the "convergence" development process of synthetic biology. Subsequently, with the scientific and technological strategies and strong support of governments, basic research took the lead in rapid development, and the output of research papers continued to increase; After about 10 years’ development, the application and development of synthetic biology technology are gaining momentum, and the number of patent applications has entered a period of rapid growth; After about five years’ development, investors pay great attention to the field of synthetic biology and are enthusiastic about its development. With the investment of diversified funds, the financing amount of synthetic biology enterprises keeps rising, which further promotes the application of related technologies and the development of products.

The development of technology-driven-gene "reading-modifying-writing" technology directly promotes the industrial application of synthetic biology.

Gene sequencingGenome Editingandgene synthesisIt is the three basic enabling technologies of synthetic biology. The development iteration and cost reduction of these three technologies greatly promote the application of synthetic biology in industry.

After the completion of human genome sequencing, the cost of gene sequencing fell faster than Moore’s law and fell sharply. Compared with the previous two generations, the third generation gene editing technology-CRISPR/CAS9 was born, and the operation process was simpler, so it was quickly popularized. The technology of gene synthesis is also constantly improving. With the decrease of DNA synthesis cost and the continuous improvement of assembly and transplantation technology, people gradually have the ability to design and synthesize the whole genome from scratch.

Policy-driven-More than 20 countries around the world have issued policies to promote the achievements of synthetic biotechnology.

In June 2014, the World Economic Cooperation Organization (OECD) published a report entitled "Emerging Policy Issues in Synthetic Biology". This report starts with the prospect of synthetic biology and thinks thatThe prospect in this field is broad, so governments are advised to seize the opportunity, and about 20 countries have introduced relevant policies..

China’s policy support-writing synthetic biology into the "14 th Five-Year Plan", all provinces followed suit and issued support policies.

In May 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Tenth Five-Year Plan for Bio-economic Development", which mentioned "synthetic biology" many times, covering medical health, food consumption and other fields. It is pointed out in the plan that technological innovation in synthetic biology should be promoted, and key technologies such as calculation and design of bio-manufacturing strains, Qualcomm screening, efficient expression and precise regulation should be broken through, so as to promote the application in the fields of new drug development, disease treatment, agricultural production, substance synthesis, environmental protection, energy supply and new material development in an orderly manner. At the same time,In the Tenth Five-Year Plan, all provinces have also involved in supporting the development policies of synthetic biology..

Capital-driven-capital promotes the investment and financing upsurge of synthetic biology, and the listing of star companies adds fuel to the industrial climax.

Driven by policy and innovation, the investment and financing of synthetic biology has shown a trend of rapid growth in recent years. By 2019, there were more than 730 companies in the field of synthetic biology worldwide. According to SynBioBeta’s data, from 2010 to 2020, there were 1,130 global investments and financing in synthetic biology, with a total amount exceeding $21 billion. In 2020, synthetic biology enterprises received financing as high as 7.8 billion US dollars, 2.5 times that of the previous year. In 2021, the amount of financing in the field of synthetic biology reached $18 billion, almost equal to the total amount of financing in the previous 12 years.

According to the statistics of Reportlinker, the global market scale of synthetic biology exceeded $10 billion for the first time in 2021, and it is expected to reach $33.6 billion in 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of over 27%.

China is active in investment and financing in the field of synthetic biology, and start-ups have been established.

The financing stage of synthetic biology enterprises in China tends to be early. In 2021, the number of investment and financing will reach 16, but the amount of investment and financing is the same as in previous years. As can be seen from this,There are many start-ups in synthetic biology..

The following is an excerpt from the main body of the report.

Reporting/feedback

With the change of 15 prime ministers, what kind of economic ups and downs has the Queen of England experienced in 70 years?

On September 8, in London, England, Queen Elizabeth II passed away, and piccadilly circus projected a picture of the Queen. Figure /IC
During his 70 years in office, he witnessed 15 British prime ministers.
According to the British royal family, on September 8, local time, Queen Elizabeth II died in Balmoral Castle, Scotland, at the age of 96. And his last public appearance stopped at appointing a new British prime minister. On September 6th, Liz Trass, who was just elected as the leader of the British Conservative Party, accepted the formal appointment of Queen Elizabeth II in Scotland and became the new British Prime Minister.
From Winston Churchill to Liz Trass, Elizabeth II reigned for 70 years, becoming the longest monarch in Britain, and at the same time, she experienced the ups and downs of the British economy from stagflation to prosperity and several crises. Today, Britain is still in the vortex of Brexit and COVID-19 epidemic, facing problems such as weak growth, energy crisis and serious inflation.
On September 6, local time, Liz Trass accepted the official appointment of Queen Elizabeth II and became the new British Prime Minister.
15 prime ministersChange: once walked outdecline
On September 6th, local time, 47-year-old Trass became the new British Prime Minister and the third female Prime Minister after Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May in British history.
Before the appointment of Trass, the Queen of England had accepted the formal resignation submitted by Boris Johnson earlier in the day. Only three years later, Britain officially bid farewell to the "Johnson era" and moved towards the "Trass era".
In fact, Trass’s victory this time is the fourth phase change in Britain in the past six years.
Elizabeth II was born in April 1926, the first child of the Duke of York (later King George VI). In February 1952, King George VI died, and Princess Elizabeth ascended the throne and became Queen Elizabeth II. In 2015, she became the longest-serving British monarch in history, breaking the record set by her great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria. Up to this year, Elizabeth II has been in office for 70 years.
When Elizabeth II became Queen, the then British Prime Minister was Churchill. Since the end of Churchill’s term in 1955, all British prime ministers have been appointed by Elizabeth II. After the appointment of the new Prime Minister Trass, he has intersected with 15 prime ministers, including Margaret Thatcher, who led Britain to a liberal market economy.
In the late 1970s, the western economy fell into a stagflation predicament, and Keynesianism began to decline. The monetarist school represented by Friedman developed the neo-liberal economic theory. Thatcher in Britain and President Reagan in the United States followed the neo-liberal economic theory to formulate economic policies, and gradually spread the neo-liberal policies to the whole world.
Thatcher served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990, and her three terms lasted for 11 years. Before Thatcher took office, the British economy was already in a serious recession. According to the data of the World Bank (the economic data below are all from the World Bank), in 1974 and 1975, Britain’s GDP was negative for two consecutive years, while inflation was high. In 1975, the inflation rate (measured by the consumer price index) was as high as 24.2%. After Thatcher took office, she implemented a series of economic policies, emphasizing the role of market mechanism, reducing state intervention, and implementing privatization and monetarism policies, which achieved obvious results.
Since 1982, the British economy has maintained eight years of growth, and the fiscal deficit that lasted for 18 years began to turn into a surplus in 1987. At the same time, the annual inflation rate in Britain dropped from more than 20% to less than 4% in the mid-1980s. Britain and the United States simultaneously turned to the neo-liberal economy and achieved success, breaking the systems of big government and welfare state that prevailed in western countries after World War II. In this sense, Thatcher not only saved the British economy, but also played an important role in the transformation of the world economic structure.
There have been rumors among the people that the Queen and Thatcher are at odds, especially after the global hit of the TV series "Crown" in recent years, the relevant plot has made the audience have many speculations. However, according to NBC and other media reports, British historians and royal biographers said that the Queen is unlikely to directly challenge any policy decisions of the Prime Minister. Thatcher wrote in her autobiography: "Although the media can’t help reporting the dispute between Buckingham Palace and Downing Street, I always feel that the Queen’s attitude towards the government is absolutely correct."
After Thatcher’s death in 2013, Elizabeth II also made an exception to attend Thatcher’s funeral.
According to the British political tradition, the Queen must remain strictly neutral in political affairs, and cannot take a personal political stand. One of her duties is to ensure the stability of the political situation, and she must play the role of a non-partisan and play a role of stability and balance. The Queen does not vote or stand for election, but she has an important meaning of etiquette and a formal role in the British government. The official name of the British government is "Her Majesty’s Government", and the official name of the British legislature is "Queen in Parliament". The duties of the Queen include approving legislation, approving orders and announcements through the Privy Council, appointing the Prime Minister, and meeting with the Prime Minister regularly.
The Queen meets with the Prime Minister once a week, and she has the right and obligation to express her opinions on government affairs. According to media reports, most British prime ministers who worked with Elizabeth II spoke highly of her.
British economyAfter several ups and downs,queenWitness the "tug of war" of Brexit
In the past 70 years, Elizabeth II has experienced several ups and downs of the British economy-stagflation after World War II, prosperity brought by Thatcher’s New Deal, recession in the 1990s, economic downturn caused by the financial crisis in 2008 and the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020.
Thatcher’s series of powerful reform policies made Britain get rid of the image of "the patient of Europe" and show rare vitality. However, in the 1990s, the British economy reappeared in recession. According to the data of the World Bank, the GDP growth rate of Britain dropped from the high point of 5.7% in 1988 to 0.7% in 1990. It fell to a negative value in 1991, and the growth rate rebounded slightly in 1992, but it was still only 0.4%.
The recession in Britain is related to the changes in the external markets such as the United States and the European Union. Under the promotion of investment and export expansion, Britain took the lead in getting rid of the recession among the EU countries in the second half of 1993, with an annual economic growth rate of 2.5%, and the growth rate further increased to 3.8% in 1994. By the beginning of 1995, the British economy had successfully shaken off the recession and entered a new round of prosperity, and then continued to the financial crisis in 2008 with an economic growth rate of 2%-5%.
At the time of this recession, the current British Prime Minister was john major. As Thatcher’s successor, her economic policy basically continued Thatcherism, and she privatized railways during her tenure.
In 1960, Britain’s GDP was still less than $800 billion (calculated at constant prices in 2015, the same below), and it grew slowly to exceed $1 trillion in 1970; After the implementation of Thatcher’s New Deal, Britain’s GDP exceeded $1.8 trillion in 1990, and it exceeded $2 trillion in 1996 after the economic recession in the early 1990s resumed its growth momentum. In 2007, Britain’s GDP reached 2.73 trillion US dollars.
John Van Reinan, a professor at the London School of Economics and Political Science, pointed out that since 1979, the British economy has achieved remarkable success, ending its weakness relative to other developed countries for about a century. According to the data of the World Federation of Large Enterprises, in 1979, Britain’s per capita GDP (calculated by purchasing power parity) was 76% of that of the United States, lower than that of France; By 2007, the per capita GDP of Britain had risen to 83% of that of the United States, far exceeding that of France. This proves that the market-oriented regulatory reform has indeed improved the performance of the British economy, but it has also brought about problems such as rising inequality and too lax financial supervision.
After the financial crisis in 2008, the growth rate of British GDP dropped to-4.2% in 2009; After one year, it resumed positive growth, and maintained a relatively uniform growth until 2019. In 2019, the total GDP of the UK reached 3.19 trillion US dollars. After the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020, the British economy suffered more setbacks than during the financial crisis. In 2020, the economy grew negatively by 9.3%, and the total GDP dropped sharply to 2.90 trillion US dollars. In 2021, Britain’s GDP rose to $3.11 trillion, but it has not recovered to the pre-epidemic level.
Today’s Britain, under the influence of geopolitical conflicts and energy crisis, the inflation rate has reached the highest level in 40 years. In July this year, the consumer price inflation rate has jumped to more than 10%, and the economy is once again facing the risk of recession, which has become a major challenge after the new Prime Minister Trass took office.
It is worth mentioning that Elizabeth II experienced the whole process of the "tug-of-war" of Brexit, during which the British Prime Minister changed three times from David Cameron, theresa may to Boris Johnson.
After the Brexit referendum in 2016 decided to start the process of leaving the EU, Cameron announced his resignation and was replaced by theresa may. Theresa may started the Brexit process during his term of office, but in 2019, he resigned under the pressure of the party because the party and even the Congress failed to reach a consensus on the Brexit plan. Subsequently, Boris Johnson took over as Prime Minister and completed the Brexit process during his term of office.
After Brexit, Britain’s trade rules were reconstructed, the import and export costs increased, the supply chain was affected, and at the same time, there was a shortage of labor. The concept of "Global Britain" envisioned by Johnson was not formed. The negative comments of British domestic people on Brexit exceed the positive comments. A poll at the end of 2021 showed that over 60% of British respondents thought that the result of Brexit was negative or worse than expected.
The first British monarch to visit China, the trade volume between China and Britain has exceeded 100 billion in half a century.
On the political level, the duties of the Queen include supporting the opening ceremony of the new session of Parliament, appointing the Prime Minister, making state visits and receiving state guests visiting Britain. Externally, the Queen is the representative of Britain, so diplomacy is an important duty of the Queen.
Elizabeth II is the most visited monarch in British history. During her reign, she visited more than 300 overseas countries and 117 countries and regions.
In October 1986, Elizabeth II paid a six-day state visit to China, becoming the first British monarch to visit China. Deng Xiaoping met with the Queen of England.
In October 2015, at the invitation of Elizabeth II, the Supreme Leader of president, China paid a state visit to the United Kingdom, and the Queen of England was received by the Royal Supreme Court.
During this visit to Britain, China and Britain reached a series of cooperation results, including signing intergovernmental and non-commercial agreements, such as a memorandum of understanding on cooperation in emerging industries, and signing commercial agreements, such as a long-term natural gas trade agreement. According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, there are as many as 28 commercial agreements signed between China and Britain, with a total value of nearly 40 billion pounds.
The Supreme Leader pointed out that the industrial structures of China and Britain are highly complementary, the concept of jointly advocating open markets is similar, and the willingness to promote free trade and expand two-way investment is the same. There is great potential for China-UK cooperation within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative.
2022 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level between China and Britain. Over the past half century, Sino-British trade cooperation has been developing continuously. The trade volume between the two countries has increased from 300 million US dollars to 100 billion US dollars, and the stock of bilateral investment has increased from almost zero to nearly 50 billion US dollars. China has become Britain’s third largest trading partner and the largest source of goods imports.
In 2021, in the face of repeated COVID-19 epidemic, the world economy recovered difficultly, and the British trade structure changed after Brexit, and the Sino-British economic, trade and investment cooperation grew against the trend. In 2021, the bilateral trade in goods between China and Britain exceeded 100 billion US dollars, and the stock of two-way direct investment between China and Britain reached 47.8 billion US dollars, an increase of nearly 5 billion US dollars over that before the epidemic.
In addition, the financial cooperation between the two countries is close. In 2021, the amount of offshore RMB settlement in London exceeded 60 trillion yuan, and the central banks of the two countries renewed the bilateral local currency swap agreement, with the swap scale of 350 billion yuan/40 billion pounds in the next five years.
According to media reports, in 2022, China and Britain will hold the 11th China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue in due course, which will inject new impetus into bilateral cooperation and bring new opportunities to China-UK economic and trade cooperation.
Beijing News Shell Finance Reporter Gu Zhijuan Editor Wang Jinyu Proofread Liu Baoqing
Reporting/feedback

What nutrition does the autumn color of pumpkin give it?

  Pumpkin belongs to Cucurbitaceae, which is widely planted. It is also commonly known as Cucurbita (Beijing, Northeast China, etc.), Cucurbita (Guangdong), North Cucurbita (South Henan, Jiangxi, etc.), Cucurbita (Taiwan Province), Maigua, Wogua, Laomian Cucurbita, Fanpumpkin, Golden Melon, Drinking Cucurbita, Rice Cucurbita, Old Dwarf Cucurbita, and Fanfan.

  There are many varieties of pumpkins, such as oblate, oblong, gourd and fruit. The color of pumpkin skin is also colorful, including orange, dark green and dark green. Different varieties have slightly different nutritional value and taste.

  The content of carotene in pumpkin is high.

  Insoluble dietary fiber is suitable for people with three highs.

  First of all, look at the color of pumpkin. What nutrients can you think of?

  Yes, it is carotene!

  The content of carotene in pumpkin is very high, and every 100 grams of pumpkin contains 890 micrograms of carotene. It can be converted into vitamin A in the body, which plays an important role in maintaining normal visual function, healthy epithelial tissue, enhancing immunity and anti-cancer.

  Every 100 grams of pumpkin contains 5.3 grams of carbohydrates, so pumpkin can be used as a staple food. It contains a certain amount of insoluble dietary fiber, which is more suitable for people with three highs than polished rice and white flour.

  There is also a soluble dietary fiber in pumpkin — — Pectin, the highest green pumpkin, can reach 2.03%, which can increase satiety, promote digestion, prevent constipation, and adsorb cholesterol and toxic metal substances and excrete them.

  Pumpkins are very versatile.

  But there is a group of people who are not suitable for eating.

  Pumpkin is also a high-potassium and low-sodium food, especially suitable for middle-aged and elderly people and hypertensive patients. Pumpkin is rich in potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and other minerals needed by human body. The contents of zinc, chromium and manganese in pumpkin are also high. Chromium and manganese can improve insulin function, promote carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and prevent diabetes to some extent.

  In addition, pumpkin is rich in polysaccharide. Pumpkin polysaccharide can effectively improve the disorder of glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism in diabetic patients. People often eat pumpkins, which is good for their health.

  But doesn’t it mean that diabetics should eat pumpkins harder? Obviously not. Only one ingredient in pumpkin has hypoglycemic function. As far as pumpkin as a whole is concerned, because its glycemic index (GI) is 75, it belongs to high GI food, especially the old pumpkin has higher sugar content, so diabetics should not eat more. When eating pumpkin, the amount of staple food should be reduced appropriately.

  In addition to fruit, pumpkin leaves can also be eaten, and the content of dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals is no less than that of green leafy vegetables. In addition, pumpkin seeds can also be eaten, which is a delicious nut after drying.

  Boiling, frying, etc

  Can make a delicious pumpkin feast.

  As the saying goes, old pumpkins are food and young pumpkins are vegetables. As a cross-border player, there are many ways to eat pumpkins, such as cooking and frying.

  evaporate

  It can be said to be the easiest way to eat. Cut the pumpkin into small pieces with skin and steam it directly. This practice is simple and nutritious, and it belongs to the first choice.

  boil

  After the pumpkin is cut into pieces, porridge is cooked with grains. Especially in the cold season, it is really a pleasure to drink a bowl of hot and delicious pumpkin porridge!

  fry

  The tender pumpkin is suitable for stir-frying as a dish, and the fried pumpkin is salty and sweet, which has a special taste.

  fry

  You can make pumpkin pie. Such delicious snacks are more popular with children. However, this method often needs to add oil and sugar to ensure the taste, which contains high energy and is only suitable for occasional cravings.

  Pumpkin can be perfectly blended with flour to make all kinds of pasta, such as hair cakes, steamed bread, flower rolls, cakes, noodles, etc. Pumpkin can also be sliced or put in small pieces when steaming rice, making all kinds of staple foods beautiful, attractive and delicious.

  Text/Ma Guansheng (Professor, Peking University School of Public Health)

Will the DPRK return to the route of "parallel economy and nuclear weapons"? What does the "new route" value more?

  CCTV News: The Korean Peninsula spent 25 days peacefully. So, has North Korea’s "Christmas gift" warning to the United States been lifted? In the coming week, can the DPRK and the United States usher in a turning point from "confrontation" to "dialogue"?

  December 25th is the day when North Korea proposed to send a "Christmas gift" to the United States. However, on the same day, North Korea showed no signs of launching long-range missiles or satellites.

  South Korea’s "Daily Economy" commented that North Korea did not take any special action on December 25, which may be due to a circuitous statement that it will continue to maintain the fire of the denuclearization process on the peninsula, or it may be that the DPRK wants to make a decision after observing the reaction of the United States.

  The Japanese edition of Newsweek commented on the 25th that the game between the United States and North Korea is particularly dangerous.

  On December 4th, North Korean officials announced that the fifth plenary session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Workers’ Party of Korea would be held in late December. The US and South Korean intelligence agencies generally believed that the "new route" proposed by North Korean leader Kim Jong-un against the United States at that time was expected to begin to take shape.

  On the other hand, if the United States does not respond before the year-end deadline set by North Korea, Kim Jong-un may release important information through the New Year message on January 1, 2020.

  Previously, in 2013, North Korea announced the decision of "economic construction and nuclear force construction simultaneously" through the plenary session of the Labor Party Central Committee;

  In 2018, with the resumption of contacts between the DPRK and the United States, the DPRK began to adjust its tone. In April of the same year, it announced the decision to "suspend nuclear and missile tests" and "concentrate on socialist economic construction."

  After the second "Golden Specialist Meeting" ended fruitlessly in February 2019, the Workers’ Party of Korea "discussed new directions and ways of struggle" at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee held in April, and decided to "further hold high the banner of self-reliance in socialist construction, develop an independent economy, and deal a heavy blow to hostile forces trying to bring North Korea to its knees with sanctions".

  Also in April, Kim Jong-un, the top leader of North Korea, asked the US to come up with a new negotiation plan before the end of this year, otherwise the DPRK would take "another new road".

  On December 22nd, North Korea’s official media reported that Kim Jong-un had hosted an enlarged meeting of the Labor Party in the Central Military Commission (CMC). The important issue is to strengthen independent national defense forces. In the next step, whether the DPRK will make a commitment to abandon the "suspension of nuclear and missile tests" and return to the parallel line of nuclear weapons and economic development will arouse outside attention.

  Yang Xiyu, a researcher at China Institute of International Studies, said that it is impossible for North Korea to return to the route of "economy and nuclear weapons in parallel", not only politically, but also in the international environment. North Korea’s further economic development will not change because of the tension between the United States and North Korea. North Korea’s "new route" or paying more attention to strengthening the army, developing satellites and further improving missiles are the direction of North Korea’s next efforts.

"internet plus" sails strongly to protect information security.

In this year’s government work report, Premier Li Keqiang put forward the "internet plus" action plan, emphasizing giving full play to the optimization and integration role of the Internet in the allocation of production factors, deeply integrating the innovation achievements of the Internet into various economic and social fields, and enhancing the innovation ability of the real economy. This will give birth to a new normal of development and push China’s economy into the next prosperous period. In the face of this unprecedented historical opportunity, we must always keep the strategic clarity of "two wings of one body and two wheels of drive" for security and development, and constantly improve the information security guarantee capability. This will not only make the "flying" economy of China a "safety belt" of information security, but also bring together outstanding "innovation" for the construction of a network power, and even more condense a powerful "driving force" for the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity.

 First, "internet plus" opens a new era of information development

The "internet plus" Action Plan is a top-down reform and innovation action led by the Chinese government. It provides clear strategic guidance and clear three-dimensional planning for the development of the Internet and the prosperity of the whole society from the government level for the first time. As a new strategic measure in the era of innovation 2.0, the "internet plus" action plan has set off another upsurge of "mass entrepreneurship and innovation", showing the will and determination of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to innovate and unite as one, and the implementation of stepping on the stone to leave a mark, which will surely trigger a new leap in the development of information technology in China and drive the new wave of mass innovation and entrepreneurship, and the pace of building a network power in China will thus enter a new historical era.

(A) establish a milestone in the development of information technology and stimulate the driving force of China characteristics.

The "internet plus" Action Plan was launched in the critical period of industrial revolution upgrading, the key node of national governance reform and the key year of building a network power. In essence, it is still a new stage and upgraded version of informatization, but its connotation and extension are richer and it is more closely related to innovation and entrepreneurship. Its focus is to promote the integration and innovation of a new generation of information technology represented by mobile Internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and smart cities, modern manufacturing, producer services and social governance, develop and expand new formats, create new industrial growth points, provide an environment for mass entrepreneurship and innovation, provide support for industrial intelligence, and enhance new development momentum, which will promote China’s economy to enter another prosperous period. Because "internet plus" adds the whole society, industries, network thinking mode and common prosperity vision, it will reconstruct a wide range of social resources, minimize the restrictions and frictions in social and economic activities at the lowest cost, and make people, industries and industries have new connections through massive data, creating a geometric superposition of resources. This top-down strategic guidance of the government fully embodies China’s institutional advantages, and produces a "combination, integration and combination" reaction with the scale effect of the world’s second largest economy and network power, thus stimulating social coordination and follow-up, forming a deepening progression of up-and-down linkage, two-way interaction and deep integration, and providing a lasting driving force for China’s development.

(B) to promote the deep integration of the industry, to create a comprehensive and prosperous innovation model.

The "internet plus" Action Plan is a key measure for China’s steady economic growth and structural adjustment, which will spread to all walks of life and give birth to new forms and formats in the development of market economy. "internet plus" will break the original spontaneous system of "separation and independence, enclosure is king" among industries, realize deep integration and cross-border breakthrough among industries, and integrate two-way industry interaction, so that the Internet is no longer a media tool, but a basic element embedded in industry life and public services. With the gradual development and implementation of the action plan, small and micro enterprises in China will gain brand-new development space; Internet plus will no longer be confined to the traditional industry, e-commerce or financial industry, but will be spread to all fields and departments of society. "Internet+agriculture", "internet plus government affairs", "Internet+education", "internet plus automobile" and "internet plus cultural creativity" have become innovative economic models, and with the application of modern information technology and intelligent equipment such as big data and cloud computing, they have inserted the wings of the Internet into the development of all walks of life.

(C) to promote the country’s deepening reform and build a vibrant network society

The "internet plus" Action Plan is a key battle for the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, which can "promote the whole network" and greatly expand the network living space of the Chinese nation. As a brand-new field and innovation space in the new stage of human social development, Internet has become a hot spot for economic prosperity, a platform for cultural life and the forefront of institutional innovation. "internet plus" will bring unprecedented opportunities for the optimization and upgrading of national top-level design and strategic transformation, and the national policies and regulations, supervision system and governance means will also be revised and improved accordingly, presenting a network ecological environment of "good law and good governance". At the same time, the popularization of new technologies and applications such as big data, cloud computing and Internet of Things in various fields and industries has become a realistic problem in front of all walks of life in China. This will encourage China’s traditional industries to actively seek changes, and promote the sharing of people’s livelihood services, personalized creative services, customized consumer services, and cross-domain extension. This kind of system optimization at the national level and service upgrading at the industry level will certainly promote the overall reform and innovation of modern society in China, start the networking process of production and lifestyle of the whole society, further optimize the ecological environment of cyberspace in an all-round and deep way, and shape a prosperous and harmonious new ecology of the network society indispensable for the rise of the Chinese nation.

(D) Enrich people’s digital life and shape a scientific and healthy lifestyle.

The "internet plus" action plan will change our production and lifestyle from a wide, wide and deep dimension, and optimize the decision-making mode and quality of life of human society in an all-round way. The "internet plus" action plan will give birth to the new normal of the network society with "everything is interconnected and everything is controllable". A series of new emerging industries and new forms of social services will show major changes in their living forms and lifestyles from food and clothing to learning to socialize, from information acquisition to personalized customization, from rural areas to cities, and from home to abroad. The widespread application of the new generation of intelligent technology, communication technology and cloud technology will greatly change people’s traditional lifestyle; Education, medical care, transportation and finance will all be integrated through the network, and smart families, smart communities and smart cities will become the basic units of modern society. Everyone’s life will be characterized by digitalization, informationization, networking and intelligence without exception. What is particularly surprising is that Internet thinking and big data services will create a brand-new intelligent experience for the people. The process of digital life from quantitative change to qualitative change will make the public lifestyle realize a "gorgeous turn", and the social life pattern reshaped by "internet plus" will be full of wisdom and vitality, making people’s lives better and entering a healthy new normal of "combining reality with reality".

 Second, "internet plus" puts forward new challenges to national governance.

The "internet plus" action plan will bring about subversive changes in production and lifestyle, which will definitely have a huge impact on the existing governance system and governance structure of the country. With the "plus sign" of the Internet, it will surely usher in a new challenge. In the era of big data, various risks in cyberspace will present multiplication effect and compound reaction in the process of "internet plus" plan. We must keep pace with the times, dare to enter the hard ice area of deepening reform, and resolve the new risks of state governance with a broader strategic vision and more determined innovative practice.

(A) subversive innovation into a positive social force, the relationship between national stability.

Internet is a double-edged sword. Naturally, while the internet plus Action Plan brings infinite surprises and opportunities, the hidden social risks and security risks are gradually emerging. In particular, the deconstruction of traditional rights by the Internet has brought about the prosperity of network economy, the rise of network socialization and the rise of network power, and at the same time brought great difficulties to network governance. For example, the virtual identity of cyberspace makes security and integrity crucial, the lack of supervision of online marketing makes cheating and fraud increase day by day, the innovation of cyber attacks makes data security a problem, and the frequent occurrence of information leakage calls for timely follow-up of laws and regulations. Faced with the hidden dangers and risk challenges associated with subversive innovation brought about by network structure, network mode and network thinking, we must think about how to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, control them within a safe range, and upgrade the national governance system and governance capacity while adhering to the excellent traditional ethics and legal norms of human society. Therefore, whether the norms of laws and policies can keep up with the pace of subversive innovation brought by the Internet directly determines whether "internet plus" can become a stepping stone and booster for maintaining national stability and promoting social progress.

(2) It is related to the overall security that data and information resources are properly protected.

The Internet has prompted human society to enter an interconnected and highly open sharing era. Under the environment of "internet plus", various important sensitive data such as government affairs, finance, military affairs and transportation will be further collected on the Internet, and the phenomenon of cross-border data flow will become more frequent. Once such a huge amount of data and information falls into the hands of criminals and hostile forces, it will certainly pose a huge realistic and potential threat to national sovereignty, security and development interests. In particular, the accumulation effect and relevance of data are likely to turn the previous leaked events into data-based disasters, which directly threaten the overall security interests of the country. It can be seen that the contradiction between the sharing of huge amounts of information and the information security guarantee is highlighted in the "internet plus". We must use the "spear" of information sharing to break down the iron wall that blocks the integration of Internet and industry, and we must also use the "shield" of information security to build a solid barrier to defend the overall national security interests in the "internet plus" era.

(3) It is a realistic challenge for online life to show civilized and healthy norms.

The Internet has been challenging the original social order, and "internet plus" is also facing the realistic demand of reshaping laws and re-establishing rules. On the one hand, the networked way of life will promote the emergence of new industries and new things, and bring unlimited opportunities to national development, industry innovation and personal life; On the other hand, the number of derivative products such as network moral anomie, network ethics anomie and network behavior anomie has also increased. How to face up to the potential harm caused by these bad derivatives in the "internet plus" environment, and be good at using Internet tools and thinking, identify the root cause, prescribe the right medicine, standardize it from the law, restrict it from the system, eradicate it from the source, and stop it from the behavior, so as to eliminate the hotbed of network anomie and create a healthy, orderly and harmonious development environment, has become a major practical challenge for national network governance.

(D) Let the protection of personal privacy data enjoy a clear boundary, which is related to the gains and losses of the people.

Privacy leaks in the Internet era have wiped out ordinary netizens and heads of state. The importance of personal privacy data protection will be further amplified in the "internet plus" period. In the process of interacting and overlapping with personal life fields such as medical care, education, finance and transportation, the Internet will collect sensitive information such as citizens’ certificates, account numbers and family members on a large scale. Once these personal information are controlled centrally, it will bring potential or real threats to personal privacy and property security. As a political party serving the people wholeheartedly, the ruling foundation lies in the people, and the long-term stability of the country lies in the people. The purpose of modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity is also for the people. The personal privacy security of citizens is the core component of the fundamental interests of the country. It has become a strategic proposition of the "internet plus" action plan to clearly define the rights and responsibilities of personal privacy protection and assume the national responsibility for personal privacy protection.

Third, "internet plus" is in urgent need of information security escort

The challenges of national governance that accompany the internet plus Action Plan are directly related to the ability to safeguard national cyberspace sovereignty, security and development interests. Only by always focusing on the general goal of reform and opening-up in the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and always adhering to the clear strategy of "one body, two wings and two wheels" for information development and information security guarantee, and doing a good job of "adding" the Internet and "subtracting" the advantages and avoiding disadvantages, will we be able to steadily implement the information security guarantee work under the "internet plus" pattern without slackening our efforts in improving the ability to protect information security.

(A) The optimization and upgrading of the network governance system is timely.

"Those who serve the law are strong, the country is strong, and those who serve the law are weak, the country is weak." Under the pattern of "internet plus", adhering to the governance idea of governing the network according to law and protecting the network by usage, doing top-level design well, and acting according to the law, we can maximize the cohesion of positive social forces and enhance the comprehensive strength of ensuring information security. The government should grasp the top of the pyramid, launch relevant strategic texts, formulate systematic preferential policies, and shape the policy orientation, legal atmosphere and social environment conducive to the development of "internet plus" and the improvement of information security guarantee ability. First, extend the existing and appropriate laws and policies in the real society to the cyberspace spawned by the "internet plus" in a timely manner, encourage innovation and development, standardize industry operations, block security risks, and effectively form policy advantages conducive to improving information security capabilities; Second, the internet plus Action Plan should include the development plan of infrastructure construction and information security, and legally require operators to implement corresponding information security measures while speeding up the construction of broadband and cloud resources infrastructure; Third, strengthen the improvement and innovation of information security evaluation, certification and security review system, focus on formulating regulatory standards that are suitable for "internet plus", and use the principle of "try first" to create a test field for the construction of the rule of law market, thus forming a legal pattern of "bottom line supervision, transparent supervision and serious supervision", "good law and good governance" and shaping the social atmosphere.

(B) The leap-forward development of the information security industry coincides with a good opportunity.

"A single flower is not spring, and a hundred flowers bloom in spring.". The "internet plus" action plan is pregnant with huge market demand and industrial development opportunities, which will bring vigorous development to all walks of life, including the information security industry. It is a unique condition given to us under the current development environment to strive to build the cluster advantage, innovation advantage and era advantage of the "internet plus" security industry. To this end, the national level should use policy guidance, financial support and technology, and take "internet plus" emerging industries as the key areas of national network security construction, and foster related information security industries; At the industrial level, we can adopt alliance and other modes, and based on the "longboard effect" of their respective advantages, expand the development space of information security industry in the whole industrial chain layout of emerging industries in internet plus, so that the information security industry can catch the express train of the national "internet plus" action plan and implement leap-forward development.

(C) the urgent task of governance norms of network social behavior

"The wood is straight by the rope, and the gold is sharp and beneficial." Establishing an adaptive network governance system is an important part of the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity. Under the general pattern of "internet plus", the urgent task is to improve the governance order corresponding to it. Form a scientific and efficient governance system, be good at using clear rules and regulations and reasonable operating mechanism, and fundamentally standardize the behaviors of functional departments and enterprises and industries participating in the "internet plus" action plan. Therefore, the government should establish a public policy review mechanism as soon as possible, innovate the public order management mode, timely modify or eliminate the policies and measures that are not suitable for the development and information security requirements in the "internet plus" era, and put the restructuring of structure and functions on the government’s action agenda; At the same time, efforts should be made to build a more comprehensive and extensive "social co-governance system" to realize the orderly responsibility of government departments, social organizations and companies and enterprises, and form an overall joint force to standardize network behavior.

(D) The responsibilities and obligations of the network social life need to be clearly defined.

"The unification of power and responsibility is not a man-made match and a subjective fabrication, but an objective revelation of its essential attributes". In the process of "internet plus" sailing vigorously and information security escorting, the state should attach great importance to the clear division of rights and responsibilities of stakeholders, so as to help form a "community of interests and destiny" based on national sovereignty, security and development interests in cyberspace, enhance cohesion and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties involved. In particular, while increasing personal privacy protection, we should start with dolls to raise the awareness of information security for the whole people, so that the "right" and "responsibility" of information security can be integrated into all aspects of real life, so that the people can truly share the development dividend of "internet plus" and the convenience of network security, so as to mobilize the most extensive forces of the whole society to join in information security, and let the people’s wisdom and wisdom really participate in the process of the simultaneous development of "internet plus" and information security. (Wu Shizhong, Party Secretary of National Information Security Evaluation Center)

Play a good game of chess and protect a river together.

  Editor’s words

  Grasp the great protection together, not the great development. Promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a major decision made by the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core and a major strategy related to the overall development of the country. Relevant departments and units and provinces and cities along the Yangtze River firmly adhere to the principle of "putting the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in an overwhelming position" and have done a lot of work. From now on, this edition will publish a series of plans of "Beautiful China Yangtze River Protection", which will show China’s efforts and progress in protecting the Yangtze River from the aspects of building a cooperative protection mechanism, establishing an ecological compensation system and improving the judicial cooperation system.

  The Yangtze River, with its unique ecosystem, is an important ecological treasure house in China.

  In April this year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the symposium to further promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt: "The Yangtze River Economic Belt is not an independent unit, so we should establish a chess game idea." How to break the barriers between regions and departments and establish a chess game? How to cross administrative divisions and achieve joint protection?

  From planning to action, lay the foundation for coordinated protection.

  Great protection of the Yangtze River requires planning first. In 2016, the Outline of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Plan was issued. In July last year, the Planning for Ecological Environment Protection of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was released, which put forward five main objectives and 19 main indicators — — By 2020, the regional ecological environment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt will be significantly improved, the stability of the ecosystem will be comprehensively improved, the ecological functions of rivers, lakes and wetlands will be basically restored, and the ecological environment protection system and mechanism will be further improved; The proportion of surface water quality in the national control section (point) is above 75% or better than Class III water quality, the proportion of worse than Class V water quality is less than 2.5%, and the proportion of centralized drinking water sources in prefecture-level and above cities is above 97%.

  A series of plans have been issued, laying the foundation for the establishment of cooperative protection system and mechanism for the ecological environment of the Yangtze River. From planning to action, relevant ministries and commissions have intensively introduced measures, and the coordination mechanism for basin-wide and inter-regional affairs in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is gradually being established and strengthened.

  According to the official website of the National Development and Reform Commission, in December 2016, the meeting of the Office of the Leading Group for Promoting the Development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the first meeting of the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism were held. Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou signed an agreement on the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and Hubei, Jiangxi and Hunan signed an agreement on the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and a joint declaration on lake protection and ecological restoration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The protection of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River is an important part of the inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism.

  On May 31, Liu Youbin, spokesperson of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, introduced at a regular press conference that the work of "three lines and one order" started well, and strived to basically complete the compilation of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and relevant upstream provinces (cities) before the end of this year. The so-called "three lines and one order" refers to "establishing the upper line of resource utilization, the red line of ecological protection, the bottom line of environmental quality, and formulating the negative list of industrial access", which is clearly required in the "Ecological Environmental Protection Plan of the Yangtze River Economic Belt". With this "three lines and one order", there will be a unified ruler for the great protection of the Yangtze River in various places.

  "After long-term management and protection, the water resources and water ecological protection system in the Yangtze River Basin has been gradually established, and the growth rate of total wastewater discharge has slowed down. In order to do a good job in the top-level design of water ecological environment protection and restoration in the Yangtze River basin, this year, the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, in accordance with the Outline of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Plan and the Comprehensive Planning of the Yangtze River Basin (2012— In 2030), the organization studied and formulated the Action Plan for Water Ecological Environment Protection and Restoration in the Yangtze River Basin and the Three-year Action Plan for Water Ecological Environment Protection and Restoration in the Yangtze River Basin (2018— In 2020), it is planned to comprehensively carry out the protection and restoration of water ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin. " The relevant person in charge of the Yangtze River Committee revealed to reporters.

  Grasping great protection together is also reflected in a series of heavy punches in supervision and inspection actions. The reporter learned from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment that since May this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has formed 150 inspection teams to check the illegal dumping of solid waste in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and a number of listed supervision cases have been exposed. Previously, in 2016, the former Ministry of Environmental Protection, together with 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River, jointly organized a special campaign for environmental protection law enforcement of drinking water sources; Before the end of this year, 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt will complete the special rectification of environmental protection of water sources in cities at or above the county level.

  Cooperation in the upper, middle and lower reaches, and joint efforts by provinces and cities along the Yangtze River to promote protection

  A clear river flows eastward, and it is inseparable from the cooperation between the upper and lower reaches. The Yangtze River basin is densely covered with rivers and lakes and numerous tributaries. Only when the upstream awareness, midstream tasks and downstream functions are put in place can we form a joint force. With the introduction and improvement of a series of top-level designs, the provinces and cities along the Yangtze River are more and more aware of the importance of strengthening cooperation, and work together to promote the protection of the Yangtze River from the perspective of ecosystem integrity and Yangtze River basin system.

  Chongqing Wushan Peishi section is located in the Hubei-Chongqing buffer zone of the Yangtze River, which is the provincial boundary section where the Yangtze River flows through Chongqing and enters Hubei. The staff of Chongqing Water Environment Monitoring Center will regularly take samples at this section, and input the sampling time, field measurement parameters and photos into the management system in real time through the mobile phone application.

  Chongqing is an important ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In April this year, Chongqing and Guizhou signed a cooperation framework agreement and decided to jointly promote ecological protection and ecological restoration in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In order to strengthen the management and protection of inter-provincial boundary rivers and reservoirs, many districts and counties in Chongqing have taken the initiative to connect neighboring cities and counties in Sichuan, Hubei and Hunan, and explored comprehensive linkage management of inter-provincial river basins.

  Hubei is the water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the location of the Three Gorges Dam. It is also an important water conservation area in the Yangtze River basin and an important national ecological barrier.

  The reporter learned from the Hubei Provincial Development and Reform Commission that in 2018, Hubei will actively innovate institutional mechanisms, further promote inter-provincial consultation and cooperation in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and strive to make substantial progress in ecological protection cooperation.

  Taipu River is an important river in Taihu Lake basin, named after connecting Taihu Lake and Huangpu River, and flows through Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. The relevant person in charge of the Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province said that at present, the provincial-level joint prevention and control mechanism has been established in the water resources protection, water quality monitoring and emergency management of Taipu River.

  Jiangsu is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where the economy is developed and enterprises and population are densely distributed. On May 30, the reporter learned from the promotion meeting of the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in Jiangsu Province: "Jiangsu will explore the establishment of an inter-provincial consultation and cooperation mechanism to solve cross-regional infrastructure, watershed management, environmental protection joint prevention and control and other issues through consultation."

  Establish and improve inter-departmental and inter-regional coordination mechanisms.

  The reporter learned from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment that in recent years, the environmental protection work in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has made positive progress, but the protection situation in some areas is still grim. In some areas, the delineation of drinking water source protection areas is unclear, the boundaries are unclear, and illegal problems are common. Cases of illegal transfer and dumping of solid waste and hazardous waste are on the rise.

  How to restore the ecological environment of the Yangtze River more effectively? It is necessary to grasp the characteristics of the Yangtze River ecosystem and establish and improve the cooperative protection system and mechanism of ecological environment.

  "At present, although the water ecological environment in the Yangtze River Basin has improved, there is still a big gap with the construction goal of beautiful China. In addition, the ecological compensation mechanism in the upper, middle and lower reaches has not yet been established, which poses a more severe challenge to the water ecological environment protection in the Yangtze River Basin." The relevant person in charge of the Yangtze River Committee believes that "the Yangtze River Economic Belt, as a basin economy, involves water, roads, ports, shores, production, cities, biology, wetlands, environment and other aspects. It is a whole and must be comprehensively grasped and planned. Face ‘ Grasp the great protection together ’ It is necessary to further improve the management system combining river basin management with regional management, establish and improve inter-departmental and inter-regional coordination mechanisms, establish river basin information sharing mechanisms, improve public participation mechanisms, and form joint efforts and systematic governance. "

  According to the relevant person in charge of the Water Environment Management Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment actively promotes regional synergy in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and constantly innovates the upper, middle and lower reaches by studying and establishing a planning environmental assessment consultation mechanism, building a unified ecological environment monitoring network, and promoting ecological protection compensation. Grasp the big protection path and improve the ecological environment collaborative protection mechanism. In the next step, in accordance with the relevant requirements of institutional reform and comprehensive law enforcement reform of ecological environment protection, we will further promote the reform of the ecological environment supervision system in the Yangtze River basin, establish and improve the system of overall planning of the basin and the implementation of the river (lake) length, and set up a river basin ecological environment supervision and law enforcement agency to realize unified planning, unified standards, unified environmental assessment, unified monitoring and unified law enforcement of the basin ecological environment.

  In addition, there is also a strong voice for strengthening river basin legislation. The relevant person in charge of the Yangtze River Committee suggested that relevant legislation should be promoted as soon as possible, and the legislative process of the Yangtze River Protection Law and the promulgation and implementation of relevant supporting regulations such as water resources protection, joint dispatching of water projects and shoreline utilization should be accelerated.

  Chen Jiakuan, distinguished professor of Fudan University, suggested setting up a strong management coordination organization across departments and administrative regions; Establish nature reserves in the Yangtze River basin in China, and set up corresponding coordination and management institutions; At the same time, major ecological restoration projects of wetlands in the Yangtze River basin will be implemented, and priority will be given to the rescue protection of tributaries of the Yangtze River with good ecology.

Many rural primary schools in Hebei were exposed without heating. The County Commission for Discipline Inspection seriously pursued it.

  Beijing Morning News (Reporter Liu Jia) Recently, some media exposed the incident that "many rural primary schools in Hebei were exposed to no heating, and some primary school students suffered from frostbite". Yesterday, the Ministry of Education responded at a regular press conference, saying: I hope local governments, education departments and schools can take this as a warning and really take care of the children’s warmth and coldness.

  "The Ministry of Education has noticed relevant media reports. We are very distressed by these children and are very anxious. This reveals from the side that some of our local governments still have problems at the working level. " Xu Mei, a spokesperson for the Ministry of Education, said that the Ministry of Education attached great importance to this and the leaders of the Ministry made important instructions to quickly solve the heating problem in primary and secondary schools. On December 5th, the Office of the State Council Education Steering Committee has issued a supervision notice to the relevant provinces, hoping that the relevant provinces and cities can attach great importance to it, quickly identify the situation, quickly solve the problems, and ensure the normal development of education and teaching.

  "On December 5, some places have promised to establish a check and reform, and promised to solve the children’s heating problem on the same day. I think this is the right attitude and action. This incident reflects that children’s affairs are no small matter. I hope that local grass-roots governments, education departments and schools can take this as a warning, truly take the children’s warmth and coldness to heart, truly take students as the foundation, and protect the interests of students, so that children can grow up healthily under a relatively good condition. " Xu Mei said.

  ■ Related news

  All the primary schools involved have been temporarily heated.

  On December 5th, a report by China Youth Daily entitled "Many primary schools in Quyang, Hebei Province have not been heated so far" attracted much attention. At 4 o’clock in the afternoon, the head of the news section of the Propaganda Department of Quyang County Committee said that all the 11 primary schools that were not heated at 3 o’clock in the afternoon had achieved temporary heating, and electric heating would be realized at 6 o’clock in the afternoon on the 6 th. In addition, the county commission for discipline inspection has set up a special investigation team on this matter.

  China Youth Daily reported that recently, the lowest temperature in Quyang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province has been below zero degrees Celsius. However, many rural schools failed to provide heating on time because the "coal to electricity" renovation project was not completed on time. In an interview with Xiaokoukou Primary School in Qicun Town, Quyang County, the reporter saw that there were no heating facilities in the classroom. The coal-fired stove used for heating before had been dismantled, and many primary school students had frostbite.

  The North Provincial Department of Education issued a notice requesting the municipal education administrative departments to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the winter heating work in primary and secondary schools within their jurisdiction. At all levels, we should find one school that has abnormal heating, arbitrarily shortened heating time, lowered heating standards, and has hidden dangers in heating safety, and rectify one. For serious problems caused by heating in winter, we should seriously investigate and deal with them, and hold the relevant units and personnel accountable.

  The person in charge of the news section of the Propaganda Department of Quyang County Committee revealed that the County Commission for Discipline Inspection has set up a special investigation team on the unheated problems of 11 schools before, and investigated their related responsibilities.

Guangzhou issued guidance on strengthening labor education in primary and secondary schools: primary schools can cook three meals and junior high schools can cook double skin milk.

  CCTV News:Primary schools will cook three meals a day and arrange family travel plans; Junior high school will cook soup and make double skin milk; High school can manage money and pass the toilet … … On May 27th, Guangzhou Education Bureau issued "Guiding Opinions of Guangzhou Education Bureau on Strengthening Labor Education in Primary and Secondary Schools (Kindergartens)" and "Guiding Outline of Labor Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in Guangzhou", which clarified the labor skills and labor education objectives of primary and secondary school students of different ages.

Breaking Island: Mutation crisis, who will survive?

The movie "Breaking Bad Island" will be released exclusively on the iQiyi platform on May 8, 2024. Breaking Bad Island will take you deep into the hinterland of a mysterious island and experience a life-saving journey with a thunderous heartbeat. Produced by Yiyue Huihuang (Hainan) Film and Television Culture Media Co., Ltd., Beijing Times Shunhe Film and Television Media Co., Ltd. and Nanjing Xiaotianlang Film and Television Culture Media Co., Ltd., jointly produced by Yiyue Huihuang (Beijing) Film and Television Culture Media Co., Ltd., Hainan Donglai Zhilian Quanwu Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Nordic Exhibition Co., Ltd. and Hebei Huoque Culture Media Co., Ltd., and exclusively announced by Two Bit Entertainment Co., Ltd.. With its exciting plot and excellent production level, the film is bound to set off an upsurge of watching movies.

 

 

Breaking Bad Island tells the story of mutant crisis caused by a genetic experiment on an island in Southeast Asia. Gu Yufeng, a business tycoon, attempted to live forever in the late stage of cancer, secretly funded scientists to engage in genetic experiments, but caused the leakage of new viruses and triggered an epidemic. Ma Rui, a small town in Southeast Asia, just wanted to live with her grandmother, but she was inadvertently involved in Gu Yufeng’s virus experiment and became a mutant. What is the relationship between Qin Lang, Ph.D., of the International Center for Epidemic Prevention and Control, and Gu Xi, who absconded from mental illness, and Ma Rui in order to find virus samples to find Southeast Asia? A huge secret is gradually revealed … … Viruses are rampant, mutants are rampant, towns are reduced to human purgatory, forces from all sides are pouring in, and tensions are on the verge. Can Ma Rui and Qin Lang resist the virus and save the town? And what kind of shocking conspiracy is hidden behind the scenes?

 

 

The film not only combines thriller, suspense, adventure, science fiction and other elements, but also brings a feast for the rich and powerful property for the audience. The gunfight caused by the property struggle of Gu’s three children, with many people Wyndell Dichinson on the spot, is thrilling. At the same time, the level of film production is equally amazing. From scene layout to special effects production, all show the exquisite skills and intentions of the film production team. The mysterious scenes, scary creatures and exciting fighting scenes on the island are dizzying, as if you were in the world of movies.

 

 

The mystery behind it is profound, reflecting the interweaving of light and shadow of human nature. The superb acting skills of the powerful actors portray the character’s character in a penetrating way, which makes the audience feel the true feelings of the character in the exciting plot. Du Tianhao, the male lead, has a pair of online skills. In Tiny Times series films directed by Jing M.Guo, he is Calvin Tu who looks energetic and healthy, and handsome in the sunshine. In the youth film Gardenia Blossoms directed by He Jiong, he is a cute and warm man who is healthy. The heroine is Zhao Yuanyuan, who is a martial arts expert. With the role of Mu Wanqing in the costume drama Tianlong Babu, she gradually entered the public’s field of vision, and Fang Tingyi, the domineering teacher elder sister in the youth idol drama Cyclone Girl, was even more numerous. Lu Yangyang, the actress of Meng Mei Jia Duo, is the heroine Si Qing in the best traditional cultural film "Most Eating Human Fireworks" at the 13th Beijing International Network Film Festival. Jin Hao, the actor of Qin Lang, has appeared in film and television works such as The Woman of the Dynasty-Yang Guifei, and four handsome men and beautiful women have shown diversified role images on the screen with their unique charm and superb acting skills.

 

 

Breaking Island will reveal a world full of unknowns and dangers for us, and let us feel the tenacious struggle and unity and cooperation of human beings in the face of difficulties in the exciting plot. Each character in the film has its own unique personality and background. They support each other in the crisis and jointly meet the challenges of mutants and evil forces. This spirit of unity will inspire us to cherish the people around us more in real life and learn to support each other and tide over the difficulties together.

 

 

The movie Island of Breaking Bad is not only suitable for the audience who like adventure action, but also makes people feel the power of teamwork in the process of watching movies. On this island, everyone is working hard to survive, and their spirit of unity and mutual assistance will become an example for us to learn in our life. Let’s look forward to the release of "Island of Breaking Bad" on the platform of iQiyi, and feel the journey of survival with a thunderous heartbeat. In this summer, let the film bring us endless surprises and touches, and witness the brilliance of human nature in the island crisis together.